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<p>This study explores the structural changes in polypropylene (PP) when doped with varying concentrations of manganese dioxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>). By employing a range of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis, we observed significant modifications in the PP matrix due to the incorporation of MnO<sub>2</sub>. XRD measurements&#xa0;revealed MnO<sub>2</sub> peaks matched the tetragonal b-MnO<sub>2</sub> structure. Pure PP XRD showed α-phase peaks at 2<i>θ</i>&#xa0;≈&#xa0;14.01°, 16.81°, 18.55°, 21.69°, and 25.31°, confirming semi-crystalline nature. TEM images showed manganese dioxide nanorods. FTIR analysis demonstrated that MnO<sub>2</sub> interacted with the PP polymer chains. SEM images indicated a highly heterogeneous surface, with significant roughness and a complex structure. DSC analysis revealed that incorporating MnO<sub>2</sub> into polypropylene significantly influenced its thermal properties. TGA analysis showed improved thermal stability of PP/MnO<sub>2</sub> at 1–3 wt% MnO<sub>2</sub>, with a slight decrease at 5–7 wt%. The dielectric constant (ε′) of PP nanocomposites initially increased up to 3 wt% MnO<sub>2</sub> and then decreased at higher concentrations (5 and 7 wt%). DC conductivity increased from 0 to 3 wt% MnO<sub>2</sub> and decreased from 3 to 7 wt%. These structural changes, influenced by the MnO<sub>2</sub> content, provide insights into how the doping process affects the material’s properties. The findings offer a foundation for further research and potential applications in dielectric capacitors and flexible electronics substrates.</p>

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Structural, thermal, and dielectric property modifications in polypropylene doped with manganese dioxide

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha,
  • Yousif M. Farid,
  • A. S. Abouhaswa,
  • Magdy S. Abo Ghazala

摘要

This study explores the structural changes in polypropylene (PP) when doped with varying concentrations of manganese dioxide (MnO2). By employing a range of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis, we observed significant modifications in the PP matrix due to the incorporation of MnO2. XRD measurements revealed MnO2 peaks matched the tetragonal b-MnO2 structure. Pure PP XRD showed α-phase peaks at 2θ ≈ 14.01°, 16.81°, 18.55°, 21.69°, and 25.31°, confirming semi-crystalline nature. TEM images showed manganese dioxide nanorods. FTIR analysis demonstrated that MnO2 interacted with the PP polymer chains. SEM images indicated a highly heterogeneous surface, with significant roughness and a complex structure. DSC analysis revealed that incorporating MnO2 into polypropylene significantly influenced its thermal properties. TGA analysis showed improved thermal stability of PP/MnO2 at 1–3 wt% MnO2, with a slight decrease at 5–7 wt%. The dielectric constant (ε′) of PP nanocomposites initially increased up to 3 wt% MnO2 and then decreased at higher concentrations (5 and 7 wt%). DC conductivity increased from 0 to 3 wt% MnO2 and decreased from 3 to 7 wt%. These structural changes, influenced by the MnO2 content, provide insights into how the doping process affects the material’s properties. The findings offer a foundation for further research and potential applications in dielectric capacitors and flexible electronics substrates.