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<p>With the intensifying global demand for clean energy and the urgent need to mitigate environmental issues, hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy carrier due to its high energy density, renewability, and environmental friendliness. Among various hydrogen production strategies, photocatalytic gas-phase water splitting has garnered increasing attention due to its advantages, including the elimination of liquid-phase constraints, simplified reaction conditions, and facile product separation. Compared to liquid-phase water splitting systems, gas-phase configurations offer improved efficiency and operational stability by reducing photocatalyst aggregation and suppressing side reactions, making them highly attractive for scalable applications. This mini-review highlights recent advances in the structural design of photocatalysts for hydrogen production from gas-phase water splitting, with a particular emphasis on elucidating structure–function relationships under gas-phase conditions. Additionally, the prevailing challenges associated with this approach are critically examined. Finally, future directions in rational photocatalyst design are proposed to accelerate the development of efficient, robust, and scalable solar-driven hydrogen production technologies.</p>

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Advances in photocatalytic materials for gas-phase water splitting toward green hydrogen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月16日

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  • Weihan Zhao,
  • Xuanxuan Zhang,
  • Jiaqi Liu,
  • Zhen Wei,
  • Pengyu Liu,
  • Xin Tian,
  • Chunyuan Ning,
  • Tao Sun,
  • Lin Jing

摘要

With the intensifying global demand for clean energy and the urgent need to mitigate environmental issues, hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy carrier due to its high energy density, renewability, and environmental friendliness. Among various hydrogen production strategies, photocatalytic gas-phase water splitting has garnered increasing attention due to its advantages, including the elimination of liquid-phase constraints, simplified reaction conditions, and facile product separation. Compared to liquid-phase water splitting systems, gas-phase configurations offer improved efficiency and operational stability by reducing photocatalyst aggregation and suppressing side reactions, making them highly attractive for scalable applications. This mini-review highlights recent advances in the structural design of photocatalysts for hydrogen production from gas-phase water splitting, with a particular emphasis on elucidating structure–function relationships under gas-phase conditions. Additionally, the prevailing challenges associated with this approach are critically examined. Finally, future directions in rational photocatalyst design are proposed to accelerate the development of efficient, robust, and scalable solar-driven hydrogen production technologies.