<p>This study focuses on the acetic acid resistance of TOPCon solar cells utilizing different silver paste systems and investigates the hygrothermal aging performance of their corresponding modules under the IEC 61215 standard. Specifically, the reliability of two silver pastes—designated as Type A and Type B—based on distinct glass systems, is evaluated in an acetic acid environment. Experimental results indicate that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of Type A cells decreases by an average of 15% following acetic acid treatment, whereas Type B cells exhibit a significantly higher average degradation of 36%. Electroluminescence (EL) imaging reveals that Type A cells suffer less from acetic acid corrosion, while Type B cells are more severely affected. Solar cells using these two pastes were assembled into both single-glass and double-glass modules. These modules were subjected to damp heat (DH) aging tests in compliance with IEC 61215, with a total test duration of 3000 h. Intermediate assessments were conducted at DH1000, DH2000, and DH3000 by removing samples every 1000 h for evaluation. A clear correlation was observed between the results of the damp heat test and those of the acetic acid resistance evaluation. These findings suggest that the moisture and thermal durability of crystalline silicon solar modules are closely associated with the type of front-end silver paste used during cell manufacturing. Therefore, acetic acid resistance testing at the cell level can serve as an effective indicator for predicting the long-term damp heat reliability of final solar modules (Yan in Nat. Energy 193:80, 2018; S.W. Glunz et al. Solar Cells, 2020).</p>