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<p>This study presents the fabrication and characterization of hybrid organic–inorganic broadband photodetectors (PDs) operating across the ultraviolet–visible-near-infrared (UV–Vis-NIR) spectrum. The devices employ a p-type organic/n-type inorganic heterojunction structure, in which noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), specifically gold (Au), silver (Ag), and their mixtures, are embedded in a PEDOT: PSS matrix and deposited onto n-type porous silicon (n-PSi) substrates using a casting–hot air gun technique. The inclusion of metal NPs induces localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), enhancing key device performance parameters such as responsivity (R), external quantum efficiency (EQE), and sensitivity (S), particularly within the 430–940&#xa0;nm range. Among four device configurations pure PEDOT: PSS, Au NPs-PEDOT: PSS, Ag NPs-PEDOT: PSS, and bimetallic (Au: Ag) NPs–PEDOT: PSS, the bimetallic composite exhibited the highest photocurrent gain and optical responsivity, which attributed to synergistic plasmonic effects that enhance light absorption and charge carrier generation. Specifically, the (Au: Ag) NPs–PEDOT: PSS device demonstrated the highest <i>R</i> and EQE values at wavelengths of 365&#xa0;nm, 375&#xa0;nm, 515&#xa0;nm, 635&#xa0;nm, and 850&#xa0;nm, and achieved peak sensitivity values of 60,373%, 249,005%, 100,645%, and 957,268% under zero bias at 365 nm, 635 nm, 850 nm, and 940&#xa0;nm, respectively. Electrical measurements confirm the efficient self-powered operation of these cost-effective hybrid photodetectors, making them promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors and solar energy applications.</p>

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Fabrication of self-powered and broadband photodetectors based on plasmonic nanoparticles-PEDOT: PSS composite/porous Si heterojunction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Shireen Mohammed Abed,
  • Sabah M. Mohammad,
  • Abubakar A. Sifawa,
  • Z. Hassan,
  • Mundzir Abdullah,
  • Hameed Naser

摘要

This study presents the fabrication and characterization of hybrid organic–inorganic broadband photodetectors (PDs) operating across the ultraviolet–visible-near-infrared (UV–Vis-NIR) spectrum. The devices employ a p-type organic/n-type inorganic heterojunction structure, in which noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), specifically gold (Au), silver (Ag), and their mixtures, are embedded in a PEDOT: PSS matrix and deposited onto n-type porous silicon (n-PSi) substrates using a casting–hot air gun technique. The inclusion of metal NPs induces localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), enhancing key device performance parameters such as responsivity (R), external quantum efficiency (EQE), and sensitivity (S), particularly within the 430–940 nm range. Among four device configurations pure PEDOT: PSS, Au NPs-PEDOT: PSS, Ag NPs-PEDOT: PSS, and bimetallic (Au: Ag) NPs–PEDOT: PSS, the bimetallic composite exhibited the highest photocurrent gain and optical responsivity, which attributed to synergistic plasmonic effects that enhance light absorption and charge carrier generation. Specifically, the (Au: Ag) NPs–PEDOT: PSS device demonstrated the highest R and EQE values at wavelengths of 365 nm, 375 nm, 515 nm, 635 nm, and 850 nm, and achieved peak sensitivity values of 60,373%, 249,005%, 100,645%, and 957,268% under zero bias at 365 nm, 635 nm, 850 nm, and 940 nm, respectively. Electrical measurements confirm the efficient self-powered operation of these cost-effective hybrid photodetectors, making them promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors and solar energy applications.