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<p>In this study, strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrO NPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and strontium oxide—copper oxide nanocomposites (SC NCs) were synthesized via a co-precipitation method and characterized for their structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties. The SC NCs was prepared by varying the concentration of CuO precursor followed by annealing at 800&#xa0;°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the cubic structure of SrO and the monoclinic phase of CuO. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a variety of morphologies: spherical, cubic, random, and rod-like structures for SrO; agglomerated flower petal-like structures for CuO; and a combination of random and rod-like morphologies for SC 0.6&#xa0;M NC. Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the elemental composition and chemical bonding in the nanocomposites. The formation of Sr–Cu–O nanocomposites (SC NCs) was confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which provides insights into the elemental composition and oxidation states of the constituent elements. Optical characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy and Tauc's plot revealed an increase in the band gap of SC NCs with higher CuO content, ranging from 2.33 to 3.08&#xa0;eV. The photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of Malachite Green (MG) dye under direct sunlight showed that SC-0.6 NC achieved complete dye degradation within 60&#xa0;min, outperforming pure SrO and CuO NPs. Kinetic studies indicated that SC-0.6 NC followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.99876). Radical scavenging experiments identified holes as key contributors to photocatalytic activity. The results demonstrate that the SrO-CuO NCs, especially SC-0.6, exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance, highlighting their potential for environmental cleanup applications using solar energy.</p>

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Optimized synthesis and characterization of SrO-CuO nanocomposites for superior photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye under direct sun exposure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月29日

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  • G. Anandhakumari,
  • V. Muthulakshmi,
  • B. Valarmathi,
  • V. Vasanthi,
  • N. Sivanantham,
  • S. Sathesh,
  • K. Thirunavukkarasu,
  • P. Jayabal

摘要

In this study, strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrO NPs), copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and strontium oxide—copper oxide nanocomposites (SC NCs) were synthesized via a co-precipitation method and characterized for their structural, morphological, optical, and photocatalytic properties. The SC NCs was prepared by varying the concentration of CuO precursor followed by annealing at 800 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the cubic structure of SrO and the monoclinic phase of CuO. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a variety of morphologies: spherical, cubic, random, and rod-like structures for SrO; agglomerated flower petal-like structures for CuO; and a combination of random and rod-like morphologies for SC 0.6 M NC. Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the elemental composition and chemical bonding in the nanocomposites. The formation of Sr–Cu–O nanocomposites (SC NCs) was confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), which provides insights into the elemental composition and oxidation states of the constituent elements. Optical characterization using UV–Vis spectroscopy and Tauc's plot revealed an increase in the band gap of SC NCs with higher CuO content, ranging from 2.33 to 3.08 eV. The photocatalytic efficiency for the degradation of Malachite Green (MG) dye under direct sunlight showed that SC-0.6 NC achieved complete dye degradation within 60 min, outperforming pure SrO and CuO NPs. Kinetic studies indicated that SC-0.6 NC followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99876). Radical scavenging experiments identified holes as key contributors to photocatalytic activity. The results demonstrate that the SrO-CuO NCs, especially SC-0.6, exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance, highlighting their potential for environmental cleanup applications using solar energy.