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<p>A quasi-gradient refractive index quadruple-layer antireflection coating (QLARC) nano-MgF<sub>2</sub>/ZnS/MgF<sub>2</sub>/ZnS was designed for inverted metamorphic triple junction (IMM3J) solar cells, with optimization and simulation using the Essential Macleod. The top layer nanoporous MgF<sub>2</sub> (nano-MgF<sub>2</sub>) film was fabricated utilizing the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique, achieving tailored refractive indices from 1.39 to 1.20 through controlling deposition angle (<i>θ</i><sub><i>α</i></sub> = 24°-89°). The photovoltaic performance of quasi-gradient QLARC was compared with that of a conventional double-layer antireflection coating (DLARC). Both DLARC and QLARC reduced the solar spectrum-weighted average reflectance (SSWAR) of IMM3J solar cells by 23.46% and 25.45%, respectively, in the wavelength range of 300–1300&#xa0;nm. By reducing optical loss, both DLARC and QLARC enhanced the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of IMM3J solar cells, thus increasing the short-circuit current (J<sub>sc</sub>) by 29.4% and 32.9%, respectively, compared to uncoated solar cells (AM0, 1-sun). The IMM3J solar cell with QLARC achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 31.8%, which is higher than that of the cells without ARC (23.7%) and with DLARC (30.6%). In comparison with DLARC, the nano-MgF<sub>2</sub>/ZnS/MgF<sub>2</sub>/ZnS demonstrated better broadband antireflection properties and enhanced electrical performance in IMM3J solar cells, as confirmed by simulation and experiment.</p>

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Quadruple-layer antireflection coating for high-efficiency IMM3J solar cells by GLAD

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月24日

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  • Jiwen Li,
  • He Wang,
  • Shuyi Mo,
  • Fei Long

摘要

A quasi-gradient refractive index quadruple-layer antireflection coating (QLARC) nano-MgF2/ZnS/MgF2/ZnS was designed for inverted metamorphic triple junction (IMM3J) solar cells, with optimization and simulation using the Essential Macleod. The top layer nanoporous MgF2 (nano-MgF2) film was fabricated utilizing the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) technique, achieving tailored refractive indices from 1.39 to 1.20 through controlling deposition angle (θα = 24°-89°). The photovoltaic performance of quasi-gradient QLARC was compared with that of a conventional double-layer antireflection coating (DLARC). Both DLARC and QLARC reduced the solar spectrum-weighted average reflectance (SSWAR) of IMM3J solar cells by 23.46% and 25.45%, respectively, in the wavelength range of 300–1300 nm. By reducing optical loss, both DLARC and QLARC enhanced the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of IMM3J solar cells, thus increasing the short-circuit current (Jsc) by 29.4% and 32.9%, respectively, compared to uncoated solar cells (AM0, 1-sun). The IMM3J solar cell with QLARC achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 31.8%, which is higher than that of the cells without ARC (23.7%) and with DLARC (30.6%). In comparison with DLARC, the nano-MgF2/ZnS/MgF2/ZnS demonstrated better broadband antireflection properties and enhanced electrical performance in IMM3J solar cells, as confirmed by simulation and experiment.