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<p>The surface area for dye adsorption in the photoanode layer is critical in enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). This study reports a novel cactus-like nanothorn structure constructed through the interfacial modification of rutile titanium dioxide nanoflowers (rTiO<sub>2</sub>-NF) by incorporating copper (II) oxide (Cu<sub>2</sub>O). The cactus-like nanothorn photoanode achieved a significantly higher PCE of 8.3% compared to the 2.9% of the unmodified nanoflower structure. This improvement was attributed to the increased short-circuit current (<i>J</i><sub>SC</sub>), which was promoted by the enhanced dye adsorption surface area and lower charge transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub><i>ct</i></sub>, 2.888 Ω/cm<sup>2</sup>). A bandgap energy shift from 3.0&#xa0;eV to 1.96&#xa0;eV extended the light absorption from UV to the visible-light spectrum. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed the successful incorporation of a polycrystalline Cu<sub>2</sub>O layer. These results highlighted the potential of incorporating Cu<sub>2</sub>O to transform nanoflower photoanodes into cactus-like nanothorn structures to improve DSSC efficiency.</p>

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Cactus-like nanothorn photoanodes for enhancing dye-sensitized solar cell efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • Nurul Najihah Ishak,
  • Mohamed Sultan Mohamed Ali,
  • Yusri Md Yunos,
  • Anas Bsoul,
  • Muhammad Enamul Hoque Chowdhury,
  • Nafarizal Nayan,
  • Megat Muhammad Ikhsan Megat Hasnan,
  • Ikhwan Syafiq Mohd Noor

摘要

The surface area for dye adsorption in the photoanode layer is critical in enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). This study reports a novel cactus-like nanothorn structure constructed through the interfacial modification of rutile titanium dioxide nanoflowers (rTiO2-NF) by incorporating copper (II) oxide (Cu2O). The cactus-like nanothorn photoanode achieved a significantly higher PCE of 8.3% compared to the 2.9% of the unmodified nanoflower structure. This improvement was attributed to the increased short-circuit current (JSC), which was promoted by the enhanced dye adsorption surface area and lower charge transfer resistance (Rct, 2.888 Ω/cm2). A bandgap energy shift from 3.0 eV to 1.96 eV extended the light absorption from UV to the visible-light spectrum. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed the successful incorporation of a polycrystalline Cu2O layer. These results highlighted the potential of incorporating Cu2O to transform nanoflower photoanodes into cactus-like nanothorn structures to improve DSSC efficiency.