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<p>Cu<sub>2−<i>x</i></sub>S photocatalysts have demonstrated robust performance in various applications, including pollutant degradation, sensors, and chemicals synthesis under visible light, owing to their unique properties. Compared to noble-metal-based photocatalysts, the low cost of copper and sulfur makes Cu<sub>2−<i>x</i></sub>S photocatalysts attractive for industrial use. However, developing a simple and scalable synthesis method remains a challenge. In this study, a low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure route was introduced to synthesize Cu<sub>1.94</sub>S nanoparticles. XRD analysis confirmed that using Tween 20 as a capping agent at 60&#xa0;°C yields Cu<sub>1.94</sub>S nanoparticles, whereas using Triton X-100 under the same conditions results in CuS. FESEM and TEM images revealed that the Cu<sub>1.94</sub>S nanoparticles are spherical with a strong tendency to aggregate. UV–Vis and photoluminescence analyses showed that the band gap of Cu<sub>1.94</sub>S could be tuned through this method, reaching a value of 1.66&#xa0;eV. Furthermore, linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated a significant enhancement in the electrochemical performance of Cu<sub>1.94</sub>S-coated electrodes compared to bare titanium electrodes.</p>

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Photoelectrochemical engineering of Cu1.94S nanoparticles towards a low temperature atmospheric synthesis method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Seyed Ali Hosseini Moradi,
  • Farzad Namvar

摘要

Cu2−xS photocatalysts have demonstrated robust performance in various applications, including pollutant degradation, sensors, and chemicals synthesis under visible light, owing to their unique properties. Compared to noble-metal-based photocatalysts, the low cost of copper and sulfur makes Cu2−xS photocatalysts attractive for industrial use. However, developing a simple and scalable synthesis method remains a challenge. In this study, a low-temperature, atmospheric-pressure route was introduced to synthesize Cu1.94S nanoparticles. XRD analysis confirmed that using Tween 20 as a capping agent at 60 °C yields Cu1.94S nanoparticles, whereas using Triton X-100 under the same conditions results in CuS. FESEM and TEM images revealed that the Cu1.94S nanoparticles are spherical with a strong tendency to aggregate. UV–Vis and photoluminescence analyses showed that the band gap of Cu1.94S could be tuned through this method, reaching a value of 1.66 eV. Furthermore, linear sweep voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicated a significant enhancement in the electrochemical performance of Cu1.94S-coated electrodes compared to bare titanium electrodes.