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<p>Carbon nanofibers electrodes demonstrate a very high potential for constructing flexible microsupercapacitors for integration with wearable electronics based on their high electrochemical performance and excellent mechanical characteristics. A continuation of our previous work, a readily available technique for the porosity engineering of carbon nanofibers electrodes for flexible microsupercapacitors using Polyurethane additives and CO<sub>2</sub> laser carbonization is introduced here. In this work, the structural properties, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance of the laser-carbonized electrodes constructed from different polyacrylonitrile to polyurethane ratios are also explored and discussed in detail. As a result of optimizing the polyurethane ratio, the microsupercapacitor based on 10% PU concentration recorded an electrode areal specific capacitance of 45.3 mF/cm<sup>2</sup>, in addition to high energy and power densities of 1.4 μWh/cm<sup>2</sup> and 243&#xa0;μW/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively, which are much enhanced compared to the parameters achieved by the plain device. The enhancements in the electrocapacitive performance were attributed to the construction of a 3D open porous electrode structure and good surface porosity without destroying the main fibrous morphology nor the electric conductivity pathways for the laser-carbonized nanofiber electrodes. These enhancements were in conjunction with ideal capacitance retention of 96.8% after 10,000 charging–discharging cycles and remarkably stable performance under mechanical deformations.</p>

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Advanced porosity engineering of carbon nanofiber electrodes via polyurethane additives and laser carbonization for high-performance flexible microsupercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月2日

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  • Amr Hessein,
  • M. Hussein El-Shafei,
  • Mohamed S. Abdel-Latif,
  • Ahmed Abd El-Moneim

摘要

Carbon nanofibers electrodes demonstrate a very high potential for constructing flexible microsupercapacitors for integration with wearable electronics based on their high electrochemical performance and excellent mechanical characteristics. A continuation of our previous work, a readily available technique for the porosity engineering of carbon nanofibers electrodes for flexible microsupercapacitors using Polyurethane additives and CO2 laser carbonization is introduced here. In this work, the structural properties, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance of the laser-carbonized electrodes constructed from different polyacrylonitrile to polyurethane ratios are also explored and discussed in detail. As a result of optimizing the polyurethane ratio, the microsupercapacitor based on 10% PU concentration recorded an electrode areal specific capacitance of 45.3 mF/cm2, in addition to high energy and power densities of 1.4 μWh/cm2 and 243 μW/cm2, respectively, which are much enhanced compared to the parameters achieved by the plain device. The enhancements in the electrocapacitive performance were attributed to the construction of a 3D open porous electrode structure and good surface porosity without destroying the main fibrous morphology nor the electric conductivity pathways for the laser-carbonized nanofiber electrodes. These enhancements were in conjunction with ideal capacitance retention of 96.8% after 10,000 charging–discharging cycles and remarkably stable performance under mechanical deformations.