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<p>In this work, a type of light-colored conductive filler for fibers was prepared with titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) particles as the substrate and antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) as the conductive layer via liquid-phase precipitation method, forming ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> conductive particles. Subsequently, the prepared filler was added into polyurethane (PU) fibers while conductive PU fibers were prepared by wet spinning, and strain sensors were constructed with the conductive PU fibers. The influence of TiO<sub>2</sub> particle size on the electrical conductivity and whiteness of ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> conductive particles was studied. The changes in electrical conductivity and whiteness of ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub>/PU conductive fibers under different fillers were investigated. Meanwhile, the colorability and performance as strain sensors of ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub>/PU conductive fibers were analyzed. The crystal structure and morphology of ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> conductive particles and ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub>/PU conductive fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that with 5–10&#xa0;nm particle size of TiO<sub>2</sub> particles, ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> possessed a resistivity of 537.3 Ω·cm and whiteness of 47.7. For the ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub>/PU conductive fibers, when the mass fraction of ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> was 20&#xa0;wt%, the volume resistivity and whiteness reached to 1.08 × 10<sup>3</sup>&#xa0;Ω&#xa0;cm and 70.1, the average strength of the fibers was about 0.30&#xa0;cN/dtex, and the conductive fibers show ideal colorability. As a strain sensor, the electrical resistance of the fiber exhibited a significant response to deformation. These findings demonstrated that ATO@TiO<sub>2</sub> conductive particles possess considerable potential as a light-colored conductive filler. They overcame the limitations of traditional conductive fibers, which are often dark in color and/or exhibit poor conductivity. This simultaneously addresses the requirements for both light coloration and high electrical conductivity. Consequently, they hold promise for widespread application in composite materials and smart wearable devices, where they can be utilized to monitor real-time physiological changes during physical activities.</p>

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Strain sensors based on light-colored ATO@TiO2/PU conductive fibers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月26日

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  • Zehui Dong,
  • Zhenyu Cheng,
  • Yanan Zhu,
  • Zengyuan Pang

摘要

In this work, a type of light-colored conductive filler for fibers was prepared with titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles as the substrate and antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) as the conductive layer via liquid-phase precipitation method, forming ATO@TiO2 conductive particles. Subsequently, the prepared filler was added into polyurethane (PU) fibers while conductive PU fibers were prepared by wet spinning, and strain sensors were constructed with the conductive PU fibers. The influence of TiO2 particle size on the electrical conductivity and whiteness of ATO@TiO2 conductive particles was studied. The changes in electrical conductivity and whiteness of ATO@TiO2/PU conductive fibers under different fillers were investigated. Meanwhile, the colorability and performance as strain sensors of ATO@TiO2/PU conductive fibers were analyzed. The crystal structure and morphology of ATO@TiO2 conductive particles and ATO@TiO2/PU conductive fibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that with 5–10 nm particle size of TiO2 particles, ATO@TiO2 possessed a resistivity of 537.3 Ω·cm and whiteness of 47.7. For the ATO@TiO2/PU conductive fibers, when the mass fraction of ATO@TiO2 was 20 wt%, the volume resistivity and whiteness reached to 1.08 × 103 Ω cm and 70.1, the average strength of the fibers was about 0.30 cN/dtex, and the conductive fibers show ideal colorability. As a strain sensor, the electrical resistance of the fiber exhibited a significant response to deformation. These findings demonstrated that ATO@TiO2 conductive particles possess considerable potential as a light-colored conductive filler. They overcame the limitations of traditional conductive fibers, which are often dark in color and/or exhibit poor conductivity. This simultaneously addresses the requirements for both light coloration and high electrical conductivity. Consequently, they hold promise for widespread application in composite materials and smart wearable devices, where they can be utilized to monitor real-time physiological changes during physical activities.