<p>Cesium tin iodide (CsSnI<sub>3</sub>) is a promising lead-free alternative to traditional lead-based perovskites due to its superior optoelectronic properties and eco-friendly nature. However, its structural instability and the propensity of tin (Sn) to oxidize pose significant challenges. In this work, we address these issues by fine-tuning the synthesis parameters of CsSnI<sub>3</sub>. We adjusted the precursor feed ratio to 1.1:1 (CsI to SnI<sub>2</sub>) and incorporated 2% by mass of tin powder. This modification optimizes the crystal structure of CsSnI<sub>3</sub> and maintains its chemical purity without requiring complex procedures. Our method significantly improves stability, by doubling the time of phase transition under vacuum compared to conventional samples. Additionally, the material shows enhanced stability in air, reducing the formation of the undesirable black perovskite phase, Cs<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>6</sub>. The increased A-site Cs ions refine the structural framework of CsSnI<sub>3</sub>, preventing spontaneous collapse, while the B-site Sn powder mitigates internal Jahn–Teller distortion and affects the formation environment of Cs<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>6</sub>. These combined additions result in improved performance. We discuss the underlying mechanisms of structure and phase transition, highlighting this formulation’s potential as an optimal approach for synthesizing CsSnI<sub>3</sub>. This study paves the way for developing more stable and efficient lead-free perovskite materials for optoelectronic applications.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

Enhanced stability of lead-free CsSnI3 perovskite through structural optimization

  • Haochen Wang,
  • Bojun Zhao,
  • Weishi Tan,
  • Haiou Wang

摘要

Cesium tin iodide (CsSnI3) is a promising lead-free alternative to traditional lead-based perovskites due to its superior optoelectronic properties and eco-friendly nature. However, its structural instability and the propensity of tin (Sn) to oxidize pose significant challenges. In this work, we address these issues by fine-tuning the synthesis parameters of CsSnI3. We adjusted the precursor feed ratio to 1.1:1 (CsI to SnI2) and incorporated 2% by mass of tin powder. This modification optimizes the crystal structure of CsSnI3 and maintains its chemical purity without requiring complex procedures. Our method significantly improves stability, by doubling the time of phase transition under vacuum compared to conventional samples. Additionally, the material shows enhanced stability in air, reducing the formation of the undesirable black perovskite phase, Cs2SnI6. The increased A-site Cs ions refine the structural framework of CsSnI3, preventing spontaneous collapse, while the B-site Sn powder mitigates internal Jahn–Teller distortion and affects the formation environment of Cs2SnI6. These combined additions result in improved performance. We discuss the underlying mechanisms of structure and phase transition, highlighting this formulation’s potential as an optimal approach for synthesizing CsSnI3. This study paves the way for developing more stable and efficient lead-free perovskite materials for optoelectronic applications.