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<p>This study investigates first time use of flux method for synthesis of Pb<sub>x</sub>Cd<sub>1-x</sub>S (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) solid solution. Screen printing method was used to prepare thick films. The structural investigation of these prepared thick films confirmed the hexagonal CdS phase, with lattice parameters (a = 2.939–2.946&#xa0;Å, c = 5.204–5.712&#xa0;Å) showing significant anisotropy at x = 0.3 due to Pb<sup>2+</sup>/Cd<sup>2+</sup> ionic radius disparity. Crystallite size varied from 21.61&#xa0;nm (x = 0.1) to 31.88&#xa0;nm (x = 0.2). Pb incorporation induced lattice strain, shifting from compressive (low x) to tensile (high x), peaking at x = 0.4. Elemental mapping and EDS confirmed homogeneous single-phase formation. SEM revealed morphology changes linked to strain, with particle size increasing at x = 0.2 and decreasing at x = 0.4. Optical absorption demonstrated a substantial bandgap reduction from ~ 2.85&#xa0;eV (x = 0.3) to ~ 2.0&#xa0;eV (<i>x</i> &gt; 0.0), enhancing visible-light absorption. Tauc plots confirmed tunable bandgap engineering.&#xa0;These tailored optoelectronic properties, particularly the bandgap reduction enabling visible-light sensitivity, suggest promising applications for PbCdS thick films in cost-effective solar cells, visible-light photodetectors, and gas sensing devices.</p>

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Structural, microstructural and optical property of PbxCd1-xS (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) solid solutions prepared using flux method

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月3日

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  • Ashwini C. Patil,
  • Arun M. Patil,
  • Madhav S. Wagh,
  • Kiran E. Suryawanshi

摘要

This study investigates first time use of flux method for synthesis of PbxCd1-xS (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) solid solution. Screen printing method was used to prepare thick films. The structural investigation of these prepared thick films confirmed the hexagonal CdS phase, with lattice parameters (a = 2.939–2.946 Å, c = 5.204–5.712 Å) showing significant anisotropy at x = 0.3 due to Pb2+/Cd2+ ionic radius disparity. Crystallite size varied from 21.61 nm (x = 0.1) to 31.88 nm (x = 0.2). Pb incorporation induced lattice strain, shifting from compressive (low x) to tensile (high x), peaking at x = 0.4. Elemental mapping and EDS confirmed homogeneous single-phase formation. SEM revealed morphology changes linked to strain, with particle size increasing at x = 0.2 and decreasing at x = 0.4. Optical absorption demonstrated a substantial bandgap reduction from ~ 2.85 eV (x = 0.3) to ~ 2.0 eV (x > 0.0), enhancing visible-light absorption. Tauc plots confirmed tunable bandgap engineering. These tailored optoelectronic properties, particularly the bandgap reduction enabling visible-light sensitivity, suggest promising applications for PbCdS thick films in cost-effective solar cells, visible-light photodetectors, and gas sensing devices.