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<p>Nickel oxide (NiO) nanocrystals were synthesized hydrothermally using varying molar ratios of nickel acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide (1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 3:1) to optimize structural and electrochemical properties. Among the samples, NiO B, prepared with a 1:3 ratio, exhibited optimal performance with a reduced crystallite size of 22.72&#xa0;nm and an enhanced specific surface area of 39.62 m<sup>2</sup>/g. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the cubic phase and uniform spherical morphology. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed Ni<sup>2</sup>⁺ oxidation state in NiO B. Electrochemical studies revealed pseudocapacitive behavior with distinct redox peaks in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis. At a scan rate of 5&#xa0;mV/s, NiO B achieved a high specific capacitance of 1385.16 F/g. Galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) analysis showed an energy density of 14.45 Wh/kg and a power density of 903.07 W/kg at 5 A/g. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed low internal resistance (R<sub>s</sub> = 22.24 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (R<sub>ct</sub> = 14.64 Ω), confirming efficient charge dynamics. These results position NiO B as a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications. </p>

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Hydrothermally fabricated NiO electrode for high-energy supercapacitor applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • A. Meena,
  • H. Saleem,
  • N. Shanmugam,
  • Annamalai Senthil Kumar,
  • S. Suthakaran,
  • Manikandan Ayyar

摘要

Nickel oxide (NiO) nanocrystals were synthesized hydrothermally using varying molar ratios of nickel acetate dihydrate and sodium hydroxide (1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 3:1) to optimize structural and electrochemical properties. Among the samples, NiO B, prepared with a 1:3 ratio, exhibited optimal performance with a reduced crystallite size of 22.72 nm and an enhanced specific surface area of 39.62 m2/g. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the cubic phase and uniform spherical morphology. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed Ni2⁺ oxidation state in NiO B. Electrochemical studies revealed pseudocapacitive behavior with distinct redox peaks in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis. At a scan rate of 5 mV/s, NiO B achieved a high specific capacitance of 1385.16 F/g. Galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) analysis showed an energy density of 14.45 Wh/kg and a power density of 903.07 W/kg at 5 A/g. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed low internal resistance (Rs = 22.24 Ω) and charge transfer resistance (Rct = 14.64 Ω), confirming efficient charge dynamics. These results position NiO B as a promising electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications.