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<p>Herein, the study investigated the influence of PbI<sub>2</sub> plats at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) on the structural, thermal, optical, and optoelectronic characteristics of PVB/PbI<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite films. The average crystallite size for PbI<sub>2</sub>, has an equivalent value which equals 31 nm. The SEM confirmed that the PbI<sub>2</sub> particles are consistently orientated and have plates shape. TGA results revealed the enhancement in thermal stability of PVB/PbI<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite films with increasing the concentration of PbI<sub>2</sub> plats. It can be observed that the E<sub><b>onset</b></sub> and bandgap values of PVB (3.13 and 4.35 eV) diminished to 2.36 eV and 4.05 eV for doped PVB film with 3 wt% PbI<sub>2</sub> plats. The obtained values (E<sub>U</sub>) decrease (2.86–0.65 eV) as the PbI<sub>2</sub> plats wt% increases. The values of E<sub>d</sub> and ε<sub>s</sub> improved considerably from 0.53 to 2.61 eV and 1.38 to 2.69, respectively; at the same time, the E<sub>o</sub> values diminished from 2.66 to 1.54 eV for PVB/3wt.% PbI<sub>2</sub> film. The lattice constant ε<sub><i>l</i></sub> rose from 1.82 to 4.74 as the concentration of PbI<sub>2</sub> plats in PVB elevated. The N/m* value boosts from 3.7 × 10<sup>55</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−3</sup> to 2.34 × 10<sup>56</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−3</sup> as the contents PbI<sub>2</sub> plats grow. The relaxation time decreased from 7.69 × 10<sup>–16</sup> s to 2.64 × 10<sup>–16</sup> s with increased PbI<sub>2</sub> plats contents. The structural, thermal, optical, and optoelectronics properties of PVB/PbI<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite films make them suitable for optoelectronic devices.</p>

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The effect of PbI2 plates on the structural, thermal, optical, and optoelectronics properties of PVB/PbI2 nanocomposites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Mohannad Al-Hmoud,
  • Mohammed O. Alziyadi,
  • M. Rashad,
  • M. S. Shalaby

摘要

Herein, the study investigated the influence of PbI2 plats at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 3 wt.%) on the structural, thermal, optical, and optoelectronic characteristics of PVB/PbI2 nanocomposite films. The average crystallite size for PbI2, has an equivalent value which equals 31 nm. The SEM confirmed that the PbI2 particles are consistently orientated and have plates shape. TGA results revealed the enhancement in thermal stability of PVB/PbI2 nanocomposite films with increasing the concentration of PbI2 plats. It can be observed that the Eonset and bandgap values of PVB (3.13 and 4.35 eV) diminished to 2.36 eV and 4.05 eV for doped PVB film with 3 wt% PbI2 plats. The obtained values (EU) decrease (2.86–0.65 eV) as the PbI2 plats wt% increases. The values of Ed and εs improved considerably from 0.53 to 2.61 eV and 1.38 to 2.69, respectively; at the same time, the Eo values diminished from 2.66 to 1.54 eV for PVB/3wt.% PbI2 film. The lattice constant εl rose from 1.82 to 4.74 as the concentration of PbI2 plats in PVB elevated. The N/m* value boosts from 3.7 × 1055 kg−1 m−3 to 2.34 × 1056 kg−1 m−3 as the contents PbI2 plats grow. The relaxation time decreased from 7.69 × 10–16 s to 2.64 × 10–16 s with increased PbI2 plats contents. The structural, thermal, optical, and optoelectronics properties of PVB/PbI2 nanocomposite films make them suitable for optoelectronic devices.