<p>This paper focuses on the defect-dependent carrier and spin transport across P-<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="81" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {Si/NiFe}_2\hbox {O}_4\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>Si/NiFe</mtext> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msub> <mtext>O</mtext> <mn>4</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="88" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {(NFO)/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>(NFO)/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>/Al ferromagnet/organic semiconductor interfaces. The <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="76" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>NFO/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>Al/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> defect states are considered principally responsible for carrier transport at positive and negative biases, respectively. At maximum positive voltage, carriers created by <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="76" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>NFO/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> interfaces become trapped at empty <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>Al/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> defects. This creates a space charge region at <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="57" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>Al/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> interfaces, thereby restricting further carrier injection from electrodes. Change in magnetic field sweep direction from 0 <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rightarrow\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> H to H <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\rightarrow\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> 0 resulted in significant fall in maximum positive magnetoresistance (MR) response from <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>160% to <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="6" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="17" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>40%, respectively. The values have been recorded at 3.16V applied voltage and 380 Oe applied magnetic field. The results indicate reduction of spin flip scattering process with magnetic field at <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10854_2025_15184_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="76" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mtext>NFO/Alq</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> interface of the device. Such property of spin relaxation process modification with field sweep direction may help these devices to be employed for spintronic memory applications.</p>

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Defect induced magnetoresistance in P-Si/NiFe2O4/Alq3/Al organic spintronics devices

  • Meeniga Srikanth Reddy,
  • Pamulapati Soujanya,
  • Nitish Ghosh,
  • Subhadip Paul,
  • Debajit Deb

摘要

This paper focuses on the defect-dependent carrier and spin transport across P- \(\hbox {Si/NiFe}_2\hbox {O}_4\) Si/NiFe 2 O 4 \(\hbox {(NFO)/Alq}_3\) (NFO)/Alq 3 /Al ferromagnet/organic semiconductor interfaces. The \(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\) NFO/Alq 3 and \(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\) Al/Alq 3 defect states are considered principally responsible for carrier transport at positive and negative biases, respectively. At maximum positive voltage, carriers created by \(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\) NFO/Alq 3 interfaces become trapped at empty \(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\) Al/Alq 3 defects. This creates a space charge region at \(\hbox {Al/Alq}_3\) Al/Alq 3 interfaces, thereby restricting further carrier injection from electrodes. Change in magnetic field sweep direction from 0 \(\rightarrow\) H to H \(\rightarrow\) 0 resulted in significant fall in maximum positive magnetoresistance (MR) response from \(\sim\) 160% to \(\sim\) 40%, respectively. The values have been recorded at 3.16V applied voltage and 380 Oe applied magnetic field. The results indicate reduction of spin flip scattering process with magnetic field at \(\hbox {NFO/Alq}_3\) NFO/Alq 3 interface of the device. Such property of spin relaxation process modification with field sweep direction may help these devices to be employed for spintronic memory applications.