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<p>Barium bismuth titanium iron oxide compounds with the general formula Ba<sub><i>x</i></sub>Bi<sub>(1−<i>x</i>)</sub>Ti<sub><i>x</i></sub>Fe<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>, where <i>x</i> ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 in steps of 0.25, were synthesized using the conventional solid-state method and systematically characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase perovskite structure with minimal secondary phases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed characteristic metal–oxygen vibrational modes associated with iron–oxygen and titanium–oxygen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy showed well-defined grains with low porosity and variations in grain morphology across different compositions. Ultraviolet–visible absorption studies and Tauc plots indicated a tunable energy band gap, supporting the material’s potential for optoelectronic applications, such as ultraviolet photodetectors. Dielectric and impedance spectroscopy revealed frequency- and temperature-dependent behavior with non-Debye-type relaxation. Preliminary polarization–electric field measurements demonstrated improved thermal stability, reduced leakage current, and enhanced ferroelectric behavior, suggesting a possible increase in Curie temperature compared to barium titanate. These results highlight the BBTF<sub>x</sub> system as a promising candidate for high-temperature electronic and photonic applications, including capacitors, sensors, and memory devices.</p>

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BaxBi(1-x)TixFexO3 (BBTFx) composite as promising material for advanced electronic and photonic applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月23日

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  • Manali N. Shah,
  • Devang D. Shah,
  • P. N. Gajjar,
  • Rajshree B. Jotania,
  • R. K. Mehta

摘要

Barium bismuth titanium iron oxide compounds with the general formula BaxBi(1−x)TixFexO3, where x ranges from 0.0 to 1.0 in steps of 0.25, were synthesized using the conventional solid-state method and systematically characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of a single-phase perovskite structure with minimal secondary phases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed characteristic metal–oxygen vibrational modes associated with iron–oxygen and titanium–oxygen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy showed well-defined grains with low porosity and variations in grain morphology across different compositions. Ultraviolet–visible absorption studies and Tauc plots indicated a tunable energy band gap, supporting the material’s potential for optoelectronic applications, such as ultraviolet photodetectors. Dielectric and impedance spectroscopy revealed frequency- and temperature-dependent behavior with non-Debye-type relaxation. Preliminary polarization–electric field measurements demonstrated improved thermal stability, reduced leakage current, and enhanced ferroelectric behavior, suggesting a possible increase in Curie temperature compared to barium titanate. These results highlight the BBTFx system as a promising candidate for high-temperature electronic and photonic applications, including capacitors, sensors, and memory devices.