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<p>Nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystals of Bis (15-Crown-5-k5O) Strontium tetrakis (isothiocyanate-kN) Cobalt (II) [BSRCOTC] were successfully grown at ambient temperature using a mixed solvent of de-ionized water, methanol and 1,2 dichloroethane via the slow evaporation method. The crystal structure was confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a monoclinic system with a centrosymmetric structure in the space group <i>C2/c</i>. The crystalline nature was further verified by powder X-ray diffraction, with obtained peaks compared to CIF data. Chemical bonding was investigated using FTIR and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Optical studies showed a cut-off wavelength of 366&#xa0;nm and a band gap of 3.03&#xa0;eV, as determined from Tauc’s plot in UV–Visible–NIR analysis. Chemical etching studies revealed reverse growth rates and a layered etch pattern, calculated EPD value is 2 × 10<sup>5</sup>&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup>. Thermal properties were assessed through TG–DTA analysis taken, TG stable up to 168&#xa0;°C and confirmed by no phase changes. This stability shows that the material behaves well as a crystal. DTA curve has two endothermic peaks at 189&#xa0;°C and 317&#xa0;°C. The initial of decomposition around at 189&#xa0;°C, presumably the presence of dibenzo15-Crown-5 and Co (NH<sub>4</sub>SCN) and temperature 317&#xa0;°C. Vickers hardness testing indicating the material as soft (n = 4.7) suitable characteristics for device fabrication. Z-scan measurements determined that BSRCOTC exhibits two-photon absorption-induced optical limiting, with a nonlinear absorption coefficient of 1.02 × 10⁻<sup>1</sup>⁰ m/W and an onset optical limiting threshold of 1.79 × 10<sup>12</sup> W/m<sup>2</sup>. The results suggest that BSRCOTC crystals exhibit favorable transmittance, moderate thermal and mechanical properties, and significant third-order susceptibility, positioning them as potential materials for NLO and optical limiting applications.</p>

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Investigation of the growth, structural, and physicochemical properties of bis (15-crown-5-k5O) strontium tetrakis (isothiocyanato-kN) cobalt (II) single crystal for NLO and optical limiting applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月18日

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  • S. Sengottaiyan,
  • V. Ramesh,
  • V. Ravisankar,
  • T. C. Sabari Girisun,
  • B. Gunasekaran

摘要

Nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystals of Bis (15-Crown-5-k5O) Strontium tetrakis (isothiocyanate-kN) Cobalt (II) [BSRCOTC] were successfully grown at ambient temperature using a mixed solvent of de-ionized water, methanol and 1,2 dichloroethane via the slow evaporation method. The crystal structure was confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, revealing a monoclinic system with a centrosymmetric structure in the space group C2/c. The crystalline nature was further verified by powder X-ray diffraction, with obtained peaks compared to CIF data. Chemical bonding was investigated using FTIR and Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Optical studies showed a cut-off wavelength of 366 nm and a band gap of 3.03 eV, as determined from Tauc’s plot in UV–Visible–NIR analysis. Chemical etching studies revealed reverse growth rates and a layered etch pattern, calculated EPD value is 2 × 105 cm−2. Thermal properties were assessed through TG–DTA analysis taken, TG stable up to 168 °C and confirmed by no phase changes. This stability shows that the material behaves well as a crystal. DTA curve has two endothermic peaks at 189 °C and 317 °C. The initial of decomposition around at 189 °C, presumably the presence of dibenzo15-Crown-5 and Co (NH4SCN) and temperature 317 °C. Vickers hardness testing indicating the material as soft (n = 4.7) suitable characteristics for device fabrication. Z-scan measurements determined that BSRCOTC exhibits two-photon absorption-induced optical limiting, with a nonlinear absorption coefficient of 1.02 × 10⁻1⁰ m/W and an onset optical limiting threshold of 1.79 × 1012 W/m2. The results suggest that BSRCOTC crystals exhibit favorable transmittance, moderate thermal and mechanical properties, and significant third-order susceptibility, positioning them as potential materials for NLO and optical limiting applications.