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<p>The high-temperature poling strategy (110&#xa0;°C, 30&#xa0;kV/cm, 20&#xa0;min) was imposed on Cu-doped (Ba<sub>0.94</sub>Ca<sub>0.06</sub>)(Zr<sub>0.05</sub>Ti<sub>0.95</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> ceramics which had the Curie temperature of 117&#xa0;°C, to enhance the piezoelectric performances. The high-temperature poled piezoelectric constants <i>d</i><sub>33</sub> and electromechanical coupling factors <i>k</i><sub>p</sub> were 410 pC/N and 0.516, which were enhanced by 17.1% and 15.4%, respectively, higher than that of traditional poled ones. Effects of high-temperature poling on the switching characteristic between non-180° and 180° domains were verified by the intensity ratio of splitting peaks at 2<i>θ</i> around 45°, using the X-ray diffraction analysis. The high-temperature poled samples showed more asymmetric hysteresis loops, with higher internal bias field of 1.8&#xa0;kV/cm, maximum polarization of 18.5 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>, and residual polarization of 10.7 μC/cm<sup>2</sup>, but lower coercive field of 2.5&#xa0;kV/cm and smaller positive hysteresis of 1.3%. The high-field piezoelectric constant <i>d</i><sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup> showed a pronounced jump of 112.2&#xa0;pm/V at 110&#xa0;°C, confirming the optimal poling temperature. The stronger compensating defect dipole field mainly contributed to the asymmetry. And the tiny and easily reversible domains, observed by the in-situ piezoelectric force microscopy, were responsible to the improvement on piezoelectricity.</p>

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Enhanced performances and in-situ microscopic domain evolution of Cu-doped (Ba0.94Ca0.06)(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 ceramic by high-temperature poling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月4日

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  • Yingchun Liu,
  • Xianghe Meng,
  • Wenming Shi,
  • Yuanhao Deng,
  • Hongjun Zhang

摘要

The high-temperature poling strategy (110 °C, 30 kV/cm, 20 min) was imposed on Cu-doped (Ba0.94Ca0.06)(Zr0.05Ti0.95)O3 ceramics which had the Curie temperature of 117 °C, to enhance the piezoelectric performances. The high-temperature poled piezoelectric constants d33 and electromechanical coupling factors kp were 410 pC/N and 0.516, which were enhanced by 17.1% and 15.4%, respectively, higher than that of traditional poled ones. Effects of high-temperature poling on the switching characteristic between non-180° and 180° domains were verified by the intensity ratio of splitting peaks at 2θ around 45°, using the X-ray diffraction analysis. The high-temperature poled samples showed more asymmetric hysteresis loops, with higher internal bias field of 1.8 kV/cm, maximum polarization of 18.5 μC/cm2, and residual polarization of 10.7 μC/cm2, but lower coercive field of 2.5 kV/cm and smaller positive hysteresis of 1.3%. The high-field piezoelectric constant d33* showed a pronounced jump of 112.2 pm/V at 110 °C, confirming the optimal poling temperature. The stronger compensating defect dipole field mainly contributed to the asymmetry. And the tiny and easily reversible domains, observed by the in-situ piezoelectric force microscopy, were responsible to the improvement on piezoelectricity.