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<p>Due to the continuous popularization of electronic facilities and the increasing requirements for the green environment, the development of lead-free ceramics is more in line with policy orientation and market demand. Among the lead-free dielectric materials, antiferroelectric sodium niobate attracts much attention because of its low price of raw materials and high breakdown field strength (<i>E</i><sub>b</sub>). However, its relatively high remanent polarization results in extremely significant energy loss. This drawback largely limits its effective application in practical application scenarios. In this study, La<sup>3</sup>⁺ and Bi<sup>3</sup>⁺ were used to substitute for the A-site, and Mg<sup>2</sup>⁺ and Ta<sup>5</sup>⁺ were used to substitute for the B-site to enhance the relaxation behavior. On this basis, the linear dielectric CaTiO₃ was added to improve the insulation of the ceramics. By inducing polar nanoregions (PNRs) to reduce the remanent polarization strength of the ceramics, (1-<i>x</i>)[0.9NaNbO<sub>3</sub>-0.1(La<sub>0.3</sub>Bi<sub>0.7</sub>Mg<sub>2/3</sub>Ta<sub>1/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]-<i>x</i>CaTiO<sub>3</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20) ceramics were successfully prepared.&#xa0;The results showed that with the increase of CaTiO<sub>3</sub> content, the overall trend of the activation energy of the ceramics increased, and the difficulty of carrier migration increased. As a result, the breakdown field strength was significantly improved, rising from the original 350&#xa0;kV/cm to 470&#xa0;kV/cm. When<i> x</i> = 0.15, the 0.15CT ceramic achieved a high effective energy storage <i>W</i><sub>rec</sub> = 4.02&#xa0;J/cm<sup>3</sup> and energy storage efficiency <i>ƞ</i> = 87% under 470&#xa0;kV/cm. Furthermore, this work exhibited outstanding temperature stability and an ultrafast charge–discharge rate (<i>t</i><sub>0.9</sub>) of 21&#xa0;ns. This research provides a new idea for the development of future&#xa0;high-performance capacitors.</p>

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Synergistic optimization strategy enhanced the energy storage performance of NaNbO3-based relaxation antiferroelectric ceramics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月21日

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  • Hongjuan Wen,
  • Xiusheng Wu,
  • Naiji Zhou,
  • Hanlv Li,
  • Jufang Cao

摘要

Due to the continuous popularization of electronic facilities and the increasing requirements for the green environment, the development of lead-free ceramics is more in line with policy orientation and market demand. Among the lead-free dielectric materials, antiferroelectric sodium niobate attracts much attention because of its low price of raw materials and high breakdown field strength (Eb). However, its relatively high remanent polarization results in extremely significant energy loss. This drawback largely limits its effective application in practical application scenarios. In this study, La3⁺ and Bi3⁺ were used to substitute for the A-site, and Mg2⁺ and Ta5⁺ were used to substitute for the B-site to enhance the relaxation behavior. On this basis, the linear dielectric CaTiO₃ was added to improve the insulation of the ceramics. By inducing polar nanoregions (PNRs) to reduce the remanent polarization strength of the ceramics, (1-x)[0.9NaNbO3-0.1(La0.3Bi0.7Mg2/3Ta1/3)O3]-xCaTiO3 (x = 0.05、0.10、0.15、0.20) ceramics were successfully prepared. The results showed that with the increase of CaTiO3 content, the overall trend of the activation energy of the ceramics increased, and the difficulty of carrier migration increased. As a result, the breakdown field strength was significantly improved, rising from the original 350 kV/cm to 470 kV/cm. When x = 0.15, the 0.15CT ceramic achieved a high effective energy storage Wrec = 4.02 J/cm3 and energy storage efficiency ƞ = 87% under 470 kV/cm. Furthermore, this work exhibited outstanding temperature stability and an ultrafast charge–discharge rate (t0.9) of 21 ns. This research provides a new idea for the development of future high-performance capacitors.