PZT-PMN-based high-power piezoelectric ceramics with co-large d₃₃, Q_m and T_c parameters

For high-power piezoelectric ceramics to operate stably under high alternating electric fields, they require co-high values of the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃), mechanical quality factor (Q_m), and Curie temperature (T_c). Here, 0.04Pb(Mn_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-0.96Pb(Zr_0.505Ti_0.495)O₃-0.005Fe₂O₃-0.002Sc₂O₃ (ceramic 1)has a tetragonal phase near the piezoelectric morphotropic phase boundary, which significantly improved the Q_m value of the ceramic while maintaining high d₃₃ and T_c. It exhibits advantages in multi-parameter co-high values, with d₃₃ = 340 pC/N, dielectric loss tanδ = 0.24%, Q_m = 2200, electromechanical coupling coefficient (k_p) = 0.59, permittivity (ε_r) = 1450 and T_c = 377 °C. The figure of merit (FOM = Q_m × d₃₃) value of ceramic 1 is as high as 748 nC/N at room temperature, surpassing most high-power piezoelectric ceramics. Under an alternating electric field of 40 V/mm at 92 kHz, the ceramic achieves a vibration velocity of 0.4 m/s, which is 3.6 times higher than that of commercial piezoelectric ceramic under the same electric field. These results indicate that the ceramic 1 is highly suitable for advanced high-power piezoelectric applications.