Investigation of structural, dielectric, impedance, and conductivity properties of layered perovskite-type compound; KSmSnO₄

This article thoroughly investigates the structural and electrical properties of a layered perovskite structure, KSmSnO₄ (KSSO), which was synthesized using the solid-state method at high temperatures. The compound has a cubic crystal structure (a = b = c = 10.535 Å). The surface morphology is done by scanning electron microscope (SEM), which shows the homogenous distribution of grains. The compositional analysis was carried out by EDX. The study of conductivity, modulus, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance analysis was done. The electrical analysis of the compound has been done which describes the change of dielectric constant and dielectric loss concerning temperature and frequency. The complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) is done for the frequency (100 Hz to 1 MHz) and for the temperature (25–500 °C). The calculated data and fitted data matches well in the nyquist plot. The variation of imaginary part of the modulus with frequency was fitted using KWW function. The variation of the ac conductivity of the material under alternating current varies according to Jonscher's universal power law. The activation energy was calculated for the frequency 100 Hz to 1 MHz.This article concludes by discussing future possibilities and scientific challenges in NTCR thermistor using KSSO.