Enhanced performance of organic–inorganic carbon-based stable perovskite photovoltaic cells using pseudohalide additives

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite compounds are widely used in photovoltaic applications. However, perovskite material's insufficient durability has restricted its application usage. Carbon-based perovskite solar cells promise great performance, inexpensive, and stability, making them an appropriate choice for future photovoltaic applications. Further, halide perovskite increases the photovoltaic performance as well as the stability of the device. Here, we introduce the pseudohalide additive methylammonium tetrafluoroborate (MAT) into the perovskite solution to enhance the perovskite film quality and boost the photovoltaic device performances. Introducing MAT improves the quality of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ (methylammonium lead iodide) films through the synergistic impact of MA⁺ and BF₄⁻. Varying the amount of MAT, MAPbI₃ with MAT films exhibits high crystallinity and larger grain size. The addition of MAT can efficiently passivate traps and defects in the films, reducing non-radiative recombination and increasing charge carrier transport. As a result, the optimal concentration MAPbI₃ with 6 mg-MAT perovskite devices exhibited a high open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of 0.883 V, efficiency of 8.56% and the device shows outstanding stability 500 h under ambient atmosphere.