The effect of mechanical energy loss and bonding layer on magnetoelectric performance for metglas/PVDF laminated composites

A finite element model for Magnetoelectric (ME) effect of Metglas/PVDF laminates is built in this study, considering the mechanical energy loss and bonding layer. By introducing a loss factor, the ME voltage value (α_ME) of composite reduces from 14,467.6  to 148.4 V/(cm·Oe), which are more consistent with the experimental results. The detailed analysis focuses on the influences of geometric parameters, mechanical energy loss, and the adhesive layer on the magnetostrictive effect in ME composites. It was observed that reducing the length and increasing the thickness enhanced demagnetization of the magnetostrictive phase while diminishing ME effect. Furthermore, an increase in the thickness of the piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin resulted in a reduction in stress transfer and a decrease in the ME effect. The amplification of the material loss factor led to an increase in stress loss, consequently weakening the ME effect. The ME effect reached its peak value of 192.7 V/(cm·Oe) when the Young's modulus of epoxy resin was approximately 0.1 GPa, and a significant increase in resonance frequency was observed with an increasing Young's modulus of epoxy resin. This work can make the modeling results closer to the actual experimental phenomena, which is crucial in guiding the development and performance optimization of ME materials, as well as encouraging their practical applications.