Role of preparation conditions on the pseudocapacitor properties of SnO₂ nanoparticles by co-precipitation method

Nanocrystalline phase pure Tin Oxide (SnO₂) materials were prepared by chemical co-precipitation method. The materials were prepared using water and 2-propanol as the co-solvents taken in 1:1 ratio. The role of varying the molar concentrations of the raw material and the effect of calcination temperature on the structural, optical, and the electrochemical properties of the SnO₂ were explored. The stoichiometric ratio of Tin: Oxygen was found to be 1:2 in all the cases as observed from the EDAX studies. Irrespective of the calcination temperature, the SnO₂ made using the 0.4 M of Tin source outperformed other materials in terms of electrochemical performance owing to the good synergy between structural and optical properties. The above material calcinated at 800 °C exhibited an outstanding specific capacitance of 580 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy indicates the capacitive behavior of the material.