Glycerol solvothermal synthesis of high-performance lithium-ion battery cathode materials with surface oxygen vacancies

Utilizing the glycerol-assisted solvothermal method, we successfully synthesized a high-performance lithium-rich layered cathode material, Li_1.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13O₂, adjusting the concentration of transition metal ions. The samples prepared via the solvothermal method exhibit a more homogeneous microstructure, with those synthesized at optimal transition metal concentrations demonstrating lower cation mixing degrees and increased surface oxygen vacancies. In comparison to LMR, the LMR-D samples exhibit enhanced cycling performance, higher discharge capacity, and superior multiplicity performance. The discharge capacity of LMR-D reached 279.6 mA h g⁻¹ at 1 C (250 mAhg⁻¹). At 1 C (250 mAhg⁻¹), the discharge capacity of LMR-D reached 279.6 mA h g⁻¹, retaining 181.2 mA h g⁻¹ after 500 cycles, demonstrating a capacitance retention of 66.32%. In contrast, the capacity of LMR was 101.5 mA after 500 cycles, with a retention rate of 39.05%. The enhanced sample capacity and multiplicity performance of LMR-D can be attributed to both structural ordering and the increased presence of surface oxygen vacancies.