Structure, ferroelectric and aging properties of xBi₄Ti₃O₁₂- (1-x)BiFe_0.98Mn_0.02O₃ films

xBi₄Ti₃O₁₂-(1-x)BiFe_0.98Mn_0.02O₃ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5; named BTBF-x) solid solution films were fabricated using the sol–gel method and deposited on FTO/glass substrates. The effects of different solid solution ratios on the structure of BTBF-x films and ferroelectric characteristics were examined. The results showed that the proper composite ratio could meliorate the properties of BTBF-x thin films. The crystal structures of the thin film samples with different compounding ratios regularly changed. All BTBF-x samples had a denser surface and good crystallization properties, the particles were smooth particles with regular shapes, and no evident cracks were found. The 0.3BIT-0.7BFMO sample had the lowest Fe²⁺ content and oxygen vacancy concentration. At the electric field of 260 kV/cm, this sample also had good ferroelectricity (2Pr = 31.7 μC/cm²) with the lowermost leakage current density (J = 3.9 × 10^–6 A/cm²), and the main conduction mechanism was the ohmic conduction mechanism. The relative permittivity(ε_r) was measured to be 200.3, and this sample exhibited excellent anti-aging properties.