<p>Conventional ZIFs possess excellent chemical stability, tunable porosity, and broad application potential, but their intrinsic fluorescence is limited. Existing fluorescence strategies often require doping or post-synthetic modification, increasing complexity. Here, we report a highly crystalline, intrinsically fluorescent ZIF-8 (FZIF-8) synthesized without doping or chemical functionalization, offering a simple route to luminescent frameworks. The synthesized FZIF-8 exhibited well-defined faceted morphologies, predominantly rhombic dodecahedral and cube-like structures, with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 6&#xa0;μm. Notably, FZIF-8 showed stable blue fluorescence under UV light and dual-state emission behavior in both solution and solid forms. This intrinsic luminescence enabled its direct application as a fluorescence probe for selective Fe<sup>3+</sup> detection through fluorescence quenching. The sensor demonstrated high specificity toward Fe<sup>3+</sup> over competing metal ions, with a low detection limit of 0.035&#xa0;μM (0.15&#xa0;μM using a smartphone platform) and broad linear ranges of 1–160&#xa0;μM (5–200&#xa0;μM for smartphone-based measurements). The probe performed reliably in real samples including mint, spinach, black beans, human serum, and tap water, achieving satisfactory recoveries (98.1–102.6%) and low relative standard deviations, confirming excellent accuracy and precision. This study introduces a simple, intrinsically fluorescent FZIF-8 material that eliminates the need for doping or functionalization while maintaining strong sensing performance. Its natural luminescent properties, high selectivity, and compatibility with smartphone-based analysis make it a promising platform for portable, on-site detection of ferric ions in food, biological, and environmental systems. More broadly, this work demonstrates a practical strategy for designing inherently functional ZIF materials and expands their potential for sensing environmentally important analytes.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Novel strategy for the synthesis of highly crystalline intrinsically fluorescent zeolitic imidazolate frameworks with dual-mode emission for sensitive point-of-care detection of ferric ions

  • Sameera Sh. Mohammed Ameen,
  • Shilan Arif Fatah,
  • Faisal K. Algethami,
  • Khalid M. Omer

摘要

Conventional ZIFs possess excellent chemical stability, tunable porosity, and broad application potential, but their intrinsic fluorescence is limited. Existing fluorescence strategies often require doping or post-synthetic modification, increasing complexity. Here, we report a highly crystalline, intrinsically fluorescent ZIF-8 (FZIF-8) synthesized without doping or chemical functionalization, offering a simple route to luminescent frameworks. The synthesized FZIF-8 exhibited well-defined faceted morphologies, predominantly rhombic dodecahedral and cube-like structures, with particle sizes ranging from 2 to 6 μm. Notably, FZIF-8 showed stable blue fluorescence under UV light and dual-state emission behavior in both solution and solid forms. This intrinsic luminescence enabled its direct application as a fluorescence probe for selective Fe3+ detection through fluorescence quenching. The sensor demonstrated high specificity toward Fe3+ over competing metal ions, with a low detection limit of 0.035 μM (0.15 μM using a smartphone platform) and broad linear ranges of 1–160 μM (5–200 μM for smartphone-based measurements). The probe performed reliably in real samples including mint, spinach, black beans, human serum, and tap water, achieving satisfactory recoveries (98.1–102.6%) and low relative standard deviations, confirming excellent accuracy and precision. This study introduces a simple, intrinsically fluorescent FZIF-8 material that eliminates the need for doping or functionalization while maintaining strong sensing performance. Its natural luminescent properties, high selectivity, and compatibility with smartphone-based analysis make it a promising platform for portable, on-site detection of ferric ions in food, biological, and environmental systems. More broadly, this work demonstrates a practical strategy for designing inherently functional ZIF materials and expands their potential for sensing environmentally important analytes.

Graphical abstract