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<p>This study proposes a green in situ synthesis strategy to integrate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into PVA/CS (ctrol) membranes. The synthesis of AgNPs using <i>pomegranate peel</i> extract (PPE) as a natural reducing agent was initially optimized, followed by the in situ formation of AgNPs directly on the fibrous membrane substrate, resulting in a porous PVA/CS/AgNPs support layer. The resulting membranes were subsequently characterized to elucidate the structural and property changes induced by the incorporation of AgNPs. Specifically, SEM, AFM, and XPS examined surface morphology, roughness, and elemental composition, while XRD, FTIR, and TGA analyzed crystalline structure, chemical interactions, and thermal stability. Membrane properties, including porosity, water contact angle (WCA), and tensile strength, were evaluated to assess the effect of AgNPs integration on structural, hydrophilic, and mechanical performance. Thin-film composite forward osmosis (FO) membranes were then fabricated via interfacial polymerization (IP) using m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (TMC). The optimized membrane, prepared with a 1&#xa0;h in situ synthesis, achieved a high water flux of 66.9 LMH in FO mode using 1&#xa0;M NaCl as the draw solution (DS), along with significantly improved antifouling performance compared to the ctrol membrane. These results highlight the potential of green in situ AgNPs integration as an effective strategy to enhance membrane hydrophilicity, antifouling properties, and FO performance.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles on electrospun PVA/chitosan nanofibers for enhanced forward osmosis membranes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月11日

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  • Nguyen Tan Tan,
  • Cao Dang Hoang An,
  • Ming-Hua Ho,
  • Nguyen Ngoc Yen,
  • Bien Cong Trung,
  • Nguyen Thai Hai Nhan,
  • Vo Tien Si,
  • Doan Van Hong Thien

摘要

This study proposes a green in situ synthesis strategy to integrate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) into PVA/CS (ctrol) membranes. The synthesis of AgNPs using pomegranate peel extract (PPE) as a natural reducing agent was initially optimized, followed by the in situ formation of AgNPs directly on the fibrous membrane substrate, resulting in a porous PVA/CS/AgNPs support layer. The resulting membranes were subsequently characterized to elucidate the structural and property changes induced by the incorporation of AgNPs. Specifically, SEM, AFM, and XPS examined surface morphology, roughness, and elemental composition, while XRD, FTIR, and TGA analyzed crystalline structure, chemical interactions, and thermal stability. Membrane properties, including porosity, water contact angle (WCA), and tensile strength, were evaluated to assess the effect of AgNPs integration on structural, hydrophilic, and mechanical performance. Thin-film composite forward osmosis (FO) membranes were then fabricated via interfacial polymerization (IP) using m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride (TMC). The optimized membrane, prepared with a 1 h in situ synthesis, achieved a high water flux of 66.9 LMH in FO mode using 1 M NaCl as the draw solution (DS), along with significantly improved antifouling performance compared to the ctrol membrane. These results highlight the potential of green in situ AgNPs integration as an effective strategy to enhance membrane hydrophilicity, antifouling properties, and FO performance.

Graphical abstract