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<p>Electrostatic capacitors have significant applications in critical fields such as flexible DC transmission, electromagnetic pulse power supplies and inverters for new energy vehicles. However, with the trend toward lighter electrical equipment and higher volume-to-weight ratios, bidirectionally oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films, which are key energy storage dielectric materials, face severe challenges under extreme operating conditions. In this study, we incorporated long-branched diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) into the polypropylene main chain via a thermally initiated grafting process. The carbonyl groups in DAAM effectively enhance the dielectric response of the modified film. Results show that the dielectric constant of PP-g-DAAM films increased from 2.33 to 2.48 at 125&#xa0;°C. At the same time, the introduction of polar groups increased the activation energy required for molecular segment motion and introduced deeper trap levels, which significantly suppresses carrier migration and enhances high-temperature insulation performance. At 125&#xa0;°C, the breakdown strength of the PP-g-DAAM film increased from 523.6 to 561.1&#xa0;kV/mm. Due to the synergistic improvement in dielectric properties and strength, the discharge energy density of PP-g-DAAM at 125&#xa0;°C increased from 2.84 to 3.69&#xa0;J/cm<sup>3</sup>. This study also achieved the large-scale production of modified polypropylene films using melt extrusion equipment, offering new design concepts and technical pathways for developing high-performance polypropylene dielectric films for use in high-temperature applications.</p>

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Significantly improving the high-temperature energy storage performance of polypropylene capacitor films via grafting of long-chain structures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Lin Li,
  • Yumeng Lu,
  • Hai Sun,
  • Hongda Yang,
  • Jian Zhang,
  • Hao Yu,
  • Zhaoliang Xing,
  • Zhaotian Zhang,
  • Shaowei Guo,
  • Tiandong Zhang,
  • Qingguo Chi

摘要

Electrostatic capacitors have significant applications in critical fields such as flexible DC transmission, electromagnetic pulse power supplies and inverters for new energy vehicles. However, with the trend toward lighter electrical equipment and higher volume-to-weight ratios, bidirectionally oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films, which are key energy storage dielectric materials, face severe challenges under extreme operating conditions. In this study, we incorporated long-branched diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) into the polypropylene main chain via a thermally initiated grafting process. The carbonyl groups in DAAM effectively enhance the dielectric response of the modified film. Results show that the dielectric constant of PP-g-DAAM films increased from 2.33 to 2.48 at 125 °C. At the same time, the introduction of polar groups increased the activation energy required for molecular segment motion and introduced deeper trap levels, which significantly suppresses carrier migration and enhances high-temperature insulation performance. At 125 °C, the breakdown strength of the PP-g-DAAM film increased from 523.6 to 561.1 kV/mm. Due to the synergistic improvement in dielectric properties and strength, the discharge energy density of PP-g-DAAM at 125 °C increased from 2.84 to 3.69 J/cm3. This study also achieved the large-scale production of modified polypropylene films using melt extrusion equipment, offering new design concepts and technical pathways for developing high-performance polypropylene dielectric films for use in high-temperature applications.