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<p>Inspired by the segmented elliptical bead-like antennae of natural insects, this study proposes and fabricates an insect antennae-inspired bionic structure (AIBS) for flexible strain sensors. Composed of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and carbon black/polydimethylsiloxane (CB/PDMS) composite materials, the structure aims to synergistically enhance the sensor’s protective and sensing performance. Through numerical simulations and experimental tests, the influence of arc radius and inclination angle on the mechanical and sensing properties of AIBS is systematically investigated. Smaller arc radius and inclination angle significantly improve compressive strength and energy absorption, with the specific energy absorption reaching up to 2.659&#xa0;J/g at 0.6 strain. All structures exhibit decreased resistance with increasing strain, and the AIBS shows two distinct linear response intervals with a maximum gauge factor of GF1 = 11.84. The baseline structure achieves a high sensitivity of GF1 = 7.89, a fast response time of 280&#xa0;ms, and a recovery time of 320&#xa0;ms, outperforming most reported flexible strain sensors in comprehensive performance. This study realizes the synergistic optimization of protective and sensing performance, providing a feasible technical approach for reliable applications in complex mechanical and high-precision detection scenarios.</p>

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Mechanical and electrical characteristics of a novel bionic-inspired structure for protection and sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Yunqi Ding,
  • Xiangqiang Zhong,
  • Qiang Gao,
  • Yu Gao,
  • Yang Zhou

摘要

Inspired by the segmented elliptical bead-like antennae of natural insects, this study proposes and fabricates an insect antennae-inspired bionic structure (AIBS) for flexible strain sensors. Composed of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and carbon black/polydimethylsiloxane (CB/PDMS) composite materials, the structure aims to synergistically enhance the sensor’s protective and sensing performance. Through numerical simulations and experimental tests, the influence of arc radius and inclination angle on the mechanical and sensing properties of AIBS is systematically investigated. Smaller arc radius and inclination angle significantly improve compressive strength and energy absorption, with the specific energy absorption reaching up to 2.659 J/g at 0.6 strain. All structures exhibit decreased resistance with increasing strain, and the AIBS shows two distinct linear response intervals with a maximum gauge factor of GF1 = 11.84. The baseline structure achieves a high sensitivity of GF1 = 7.89, a fast response time of 280 ms, and a recovery time of 320 ms, outperforming most reported flexible strain sensors in comprehensive performance. This study realizes the synergistic optimization of protective and sensing performance, providing a feasible technical approach for reliable applications in complex mechanical and high-precision detection scenarios.