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<p>2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO) is a very important polyester monomer widely used in the synthesis of polyester resins for powder coatings, polyester polyols for polyurethane adhesives, and copolyesters with excellent weather resistance and hydrolytic stability. In this study, Ru–Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> bimetallic catalysts were fabricated by incorporating Sn additives. Characterization with XRD, TEM, and BET analysis revealed that Sn is uniformly distributed on the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> support in the form of SnO<sub>2</sub> and exhibits strong interaction with Ru species (average particle size 1.26&#xa0;nm). This synergistic effect optimizes the pore structure of the catalyst, increasing its specific surface area to 243.76 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and promotes the activation of the C=O bond via electron transfer. Catalytic performance results show that the Ru–Sn/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst achieves a TMCB conversion of 99.96% and a CBDO yield of 97.24% under mild conditions (80&#xa0;°C, 4.0&#xa0;MPa H<sub>2</sub>, 60&#xa0;min) in the 3&#xa0;wt.% 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanedione (TMCB)/THF system. This represents a significant improvement over the monometallic Ru/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> system, which yields only 74.07% under harsher conditions (90&#xa0;°C, 5.0&#xa0;MPa, 120&#xa0;min). Moreover, the Sn additive effectively suppresses over-hydrogenation and enhances catalytic activity under low-temperature conditions, maintaining a CBDO yield of 74.96% even at 60&#xa0;°C.</p>

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Bimetallic synergistic catalytic hydrogenation performance of Ru–Sn/Al2O3 catalyst for TMCB to CBDO

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Teng Zhan,
  • Hao Zhen,
  • Lei Ma,
  • Suohe Yang,
  • Guangxiang He,
  • Longyu Wang,
  • Haibo Jin

摘要

2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol (CBDO) is a very important polyester monomer widely used in the synthesis of polyester resins for powder coatings, polyester polyols for polyurethane adhesives, and copolyesters with excellent weather resistance and hydrolytic stability. In this study, Ru–Sn/Al2O3 bimetallic catalysts were fabricated by incorporating Sn additives. Characterization with XRD, TEM, and BET analysis revealed that Sn is uniformly distributed on the Al2O3 support in the form of SnO2 and exhibits strong interaction with Ru species (average particle size 1.26 nm). This synergistic effect optimizes the pore structure of the catalyst, increasing its specific surface area to 243.76 m2/g, and promotes the activation of the C=O bond via electron transfer. Catalytic performance results show that the Ru–Sn/Al2O3 catalyst achieves a TMCB conversion of 99.96% and a CBDO yield of 97.24% under mild conditions (80 °C, 4.0 MPa H2, 60 min) in the 3 wt.% 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanedione (TMCB)/THF system. This represents a significant improvement over the monometallic Ru/Al2O3 system, which yields only 74.07% under harsher conditions (90 °C, 5.0 MPa, 120 min). Moreover, the Sn additive effectively suppresses over-hydrogenation and enhances catalytic activity under low-temperature conditions, maintaining a CBDO yield of 74.96% even at 60 °C.