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<p>Compositing is an effective strategy to enhance gas-sensing performance. It mitigates the limitations of single-component materials through synergistic and interfacial effects. Pure ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> suffers from low response and slow response/recovery toward target gases. To address these drawbacks, two heterojunction composites, ZnO/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method by adjusting the Fe/Zn molar ratio. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite exhibited excellent low-temperature activity with an optimal operating temperature of 140&#xa0;°C, while the nanoflower-like ZnO/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> composite demonstrated superior response and selectivity at 280&#xa0;°C. The optimized ZnO/ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> sensor (Fe/Zn = 1:1) achieved a response of 41.1–100&#xa0;ppm acetone, a fast response time of 5&#xa0;s, and a recovery time of 63&#xa0;s. Meanwhile, a detection limit as low as 0.3&#xa0;ppm was obtained. The enhanced sensing behavior is likely associated with the surface defect-related oxygen species and interfacial electronic modulation between ZnO and ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for designing high-performance ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based gas sensors with promising potential in medical breath analysis and industrial leak detection.</p>

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Composition-modulated ZnFe2O4-based composites with ZnO/ZnFe2O4 and Fe3O4/ZnFe2O4 heterostructures for acetone sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

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  • Yuxiang Qin,
  • Wangyuan Yang,
  • Yingjie Zou,
  • Jing Lei

摘要

Compositing is an effective strategy to enhance gas-sensing performance. It mitigates the limitations of single-component materials through synergistic and interfacial effects. Pure ZnFe2O4 suffers from low response and slow response/recovery toward target gases. To address these drawbacks, two heterojunction composites, ZnO/ZnFe2O4 and Fe3O4/ZnFe2O4, were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method by adjusting the Fe/Zn molar ratio. The Fe3O4/ZnFe2O4 composite exhibited excellent low-temperature activity with an optimal operating temperature of 140 °C, while the nanoflower-like ZnO/ZnFe2O4 composite demonstrated superior response and selectivity at 280 °C. The optimized ZnO/ZnFe2O4 sensor (Fe/Zn = 1:1) achieved a response of 41.1–100 ppm acetone, a fast response time of 5 s, and a recovery time of 63 s. Meanwhile, a detection limit as low as 0.3 ppm was obtained. The enhanced sensing behavior is likely associated with the surface defect-related oxygen species and interfacial electronic modulation between ZnO and ZnFe2O4. This study provides a simple and effective strategy for designing high-performance ZnFe2O4-based gas sensors with promising potential in medical breath analysis and industrial leak detection.