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<p>The effects of single-stage and two-stage homogenization treatments on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and recrystallization behavior of a novel er- and Zr-microalloyed Al–Cu–Mg alloy were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Compared with the single-stage homogenization, the two-stage homogenization (350&#xa0;°C/10&#xa0;h + 530&#xa0;°C/12&#xa0;h) not only promoted the dissolution of coarse Al<sub>2</sub>Cu and Cu–Mg–Si phases, enabling sufficient diffusion of solute elements and achieving macroscale compositional homogeneity, but also facilitated a more uniform precipitation of high-density fine Al<sub>3</sub>(Er,Zr) precipitates (average diameter 17 ± 2&#xa0;nm, number density 12.8 × 10<sup>20</sup>&#xa0;m<sup>−3</sup>) while suppressing the coarsening of the <i>α</i>-Al(FeMn)Si phase. Consequently, the two-stage homogenized alloy exhibited superior mechanical properties: a yield strength of 237 ± 2&#xa0;MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 334 ± 4&#xa0;MPa, and an elongation of 6.7 ± 0.3%. After hot rolling, it also demonstrated stronger resistance to recrystallization, with a recrystallized grain area fraction of 4.6%, significantly lower than that of the single-stage homogenized alloy (8.8%). The recrystallization retarding force of the alloy was attributed to the stronger pinning effect of the high-density fine Al<sub>3</sub>(Er,Zr) and <i>α</i>-Al(FeMn)Si particles on dislocation motion and grain boundary migration. These findings provide both theoretical insight and practical guidance for the microstructure design and performance optimization of high-strength, heat-resistant Al–Cu–Mg alloys through a multi-stage homogenization strategy that enables synergistic control of multi-scale phases.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic control of multi-scale phases via a two-stage homogenization strategy for enhanced mechanical properties and recrystallization resistance of an Al–Cu–Mg–Er–Zr alloy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Zhizheng Rong,
  • Xiaolan Wu,
  • Xiangyuan Xiong,
  • Fangyan He,
  • Xiyang Xu,
  • Xueqin Zhang,
  • Yang Dong,
  • Shangming Kang,
  • Shiliang Hu,
  • Yugang Wang,
  • Shengping Wen,
  • Kunyuan Gao,
  • Wu Wei,
  • Hui Huang,
  • Zuoren Nie

摘要

The effects of single-stage and two-stage homogenization treatments on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and recrystallization behavior of a novel er- and Zr-microalloyed Al–Cu–Mg alloy were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Compared with the single-stage homogenization, the two-stage homogenization (350 °C/10 h + 530 °C/12 h) not only promoted the dissolution of coarse Al2Cu and Cu–Mg–Si phases, enabling sufficient diffusion of solute elements and achieving macroscale compositional homogeneity, but also facilitated a more uniform precipitation of high-density fine Al3(Er,Zr) precipitates (average diameter 17 ± 2 nm, number density 12.8 × 1020 m−3) while suppressing the coarsening of the α-Al(FeMn)Si phase. Consequently, the two-stage homogenized alloy exhibited superior mechanical properties: a yield strength of 237 ± 2 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 334 ± 4 MPa, and an elongation of 6.7 ± 0.3%. After hot rolling, it also demonstrated stronger resistance to recrystallization, with a recrystallized grain area fraction of 4.6%, significantly lower than that of the single-stage homogenized alloy (8.8%). The recrystallization retarding force of the alloy was attributed to the stronger pinning effect of the high-density fine Al3(Er,Zr) and α-Al(FeMn)Si particles on dislocation motion and grain boundary migration. These findings provide both theoretical insight and practical guidance for the microstructure design and performance optimization of high-strength, heat-resistant Al–Cu–Mg alloys through a multi-stage homogenization strategy that enables synergistic control of multi-scale phases.

Graphical abstract