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Abstract <p>Supercapacitors, cutting-edge electrochemical storage devices, remain at the forefront of research because of their enhanced electrochemical characteristics. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods, highlighting their potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods are synthesized using a straightforward, environmentally friendly, and economical hydrothermal method that is well-suited for inorganic precursors and the creation of metal oxide nanostructures. Structural, morphological, and chemical composition analyses such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS were used to examine V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and electrochemical analyses such as CV, GCD, and EIS, were validated in 1&#xa0;M of aqueous KOH and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolytes. The outcome from the electrochemical characterization techniques indicates that vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods demonstrate notable characteristics, including faradic and non-faradic behavior in KOH and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, higher specific capacitance, superior rate performance, and impressive long-term cycling stability. Among the two electrolytes, V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 330.54 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup> in 1&#xa0;M KOH electrolyte with a potential window of 0–0.5&#xa0;V (vs Hg/HgO) under a three-electrode system and excellent cycling stability with a retention of over 88% after 500 cycles. These findings suggest that vanadium pentoxide (V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) nanorods hold considerable promise as a viable electrode material for supercapacitor applications, thereby aiding in the progress of electrochemical energy storage technology.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods for supercapacitor: exploring the electrochemical performance in aqueous KOH and Na2SO4 electrolytes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月3日

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  • Sudharsun Govindarajan,
  • Nishanth Sudarsanan,
  • Akshaya Perumal,
  • Jayachandran Murugeshan,
  • T. Vijayakumar

摘要

Abstract

Supercapacitors, cutting-edge electrochemical storage devices, remain at the forefront of research because of their enhanced electrochemical characteristics. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods, highlighting their potential as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods are synthesized using a straightforward, environmentally friendly, and economical hydrothermal method that is well-suited for inorganic precursors and the creation of metal oxide nanostructures. Structural, morphological, and chemical composition analyses such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS were used to examine V2O5 and electrochemical analyses such as CV, GCD, and EIS, were validated in 1 M of aqueous KOH and Na2SO4 electrolytes. The outcome from the electrochemical characterization techniques indicates that vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods demonstrate notable characteristics, including faradic and non-faradic behavior in KOH and Na2SO4, higher specific capacitance, superior rate performance, and impressive long-term cycling stability. Among the two electrolytes, V2O5 exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 330.54 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 in 1 M KOH electrolyte with a potential window of 0–0.5 V (vs Hg/HgO) under a three-electrode system and excellent cycling stability with a retention of over 88% after 500 cycles. These findings suggest that vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanorods hold considerable promise as a viable electrode material for supercapacitor applications, thereby aiding in the progress of electrochemical energy storage technology.

Graphical abstract