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Abstract <p>The increasing miniaturization of wearable electronics and the concomitant demand for electromagnetic interference shielding have necessitated the development of textile-based composites with superior conductivity, flexibility, and multifunctionality. In the present work, a gadolinium orthoferrite/graphene/polydimethylsiloxane/cotton composite is fabricated via a facile dip-coating strategy, enabling uniform surface modification of the cotton substrate while retaining its intrinsic lightweight and porous architecture. Comprehensive characterization using XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and EDX confirms the material’s structural integrity, chemical composition, and well-distributed filler network. The engineered fabric exhibits exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding performance, delivering a high shielding effectiveness of 38.98&#xa0;dB in the X-band at a minimal thickness of 0.31&#xa0;mm, primarily governed by an absorption-driven mechanism. CST-based simulations show strong agreement with experimental results, validating the design strategy and predictive accuracy. The composite further delivers an enhanced electrical conductivity of 7.5&#xa0;S/m, reflecting efficient charge carrier transport and a well-connected conductive framework. Mechanical evaluations highlight excellent flexibility, durability, and stable performance under repeated deformation. Additionally, multifunctionality assessments reveal superior hydrophobicity, breathability, and environmental resilience, maintaining the inherent lightweight and comfort of the cotton. These collective attributes underscore the fabric’s potential as a next-generation material for flexible, wearable, and sustainable EMI shielding applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Flexible and multifunctional graphene-rare earth functionalized cotton fabric for advanced electromagnetic interference shielding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Revathi Manogaran,
  • Malathi Murugesan

摘要

Abstract

The increasing miniaturization of wearable electronics and the concomitant demand for electromagnetic interference shielding have necessitated the development of textile-based composites with superior conductivity, flexibility, and multifunctionality. In the present work, a gadolinium orthoferrite/graphene/polydimethylsiloxane/cotton composite is fabricated via a facile dip-coating strategy, enabling uniform surface modification of the cotton substrate while retaining its intrinsic lightweight and porous architecture. Comprehensive characterization using XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and EDX confirms the material’s structural integrity, chemical composition, and well-distributed filler network. The engineered fabric exhibits exceptional electromagnetic interference shielding performance, delivering a high shielding effectiveness of 38.98 dB in the X-band at a minimal thickness of 0.31 mm, primarily governed by an absorption-driven mechanism. CST-based simulations show strong agreement with experimental results, validating the design strategy and predictive accuracy. The composite further delivers an enhanced electrical conductivity of 7.5 S/m, reflecting efficient charge carrier transport and a well-connected conductive framework. Mechanical evaluations highlight excellent flexibility, durability, and stable performance under repeated deformation. Additionally, multifunctionality assessments reveal superior hydrophobicity, breathability, and environmental resilience, maintaining the inherent lightweight and comfort of the cotton. These collective attributes underscore the fabric’s potential as a next-generation material for flexible, wearable, and sustainable EMI shielding applications.

Graphical abstract