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Abstract <p>The rising demand for sustainable agriculture has driven the development of innovative fertilizer delivery systems to improve nutrient use efficiency and reduce environmental impact. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel hydrogel-based slow-release fertilizer that chemically incorporating grafted cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). CNFs were isolated from sugarcane waste and used as a backbone for grafting polyacrylamide and acrylic acid via N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinking. The hydrogels were synthesized under autoclave-assisted conditions, enhancing mechanical stability, swelling capacity, and nutrient encapsulation. Structural and chemical characterizations were performed using FTIR, SEM, TEM, and TGA. The hydrogel exhibited a high swelling ratio of up to 18,000%, effective water retention, and sustained urea release over 30 days. Plant growth experiments with Capsicum annuum sp. demonstrated improved shoot and root development compared to free urea and control treatments. The autoclaved hydrogel showed superior performance in both water retention and nutrient release, confirming its potential as an eco-friendly, efficient slow-release fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Autoclave assisted synthesis of slow-release fertilizer from polymerized chemical grafted nanocellulose fiber

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Zelda Aldilah Andari,
  • Dewi Sondari,
  • Riksfardini Annisa Ermawar,
  • Hana Nur Fitriana,
  • Witta Kartika Restu,
  • Arzqa Sabila Hanifah,
  • Herlina Marta

摘要

Abstract

The rising demand for sustainable agriculture has driven the development of innovative fertilizer delivery systems to improve nutrient use efficiency and reduce environmental impact. This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel hydrogel-based slow-release fertilizer that chemically incorporating grafted cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). CNFs were isolated from sugarcane waste and used as a backbone for grafting polyacrylamide and acrylic acid via N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) crosslinking. The hydrogels were synthesized under autoclave-assisted conditions, enhancing mechanical stability, swelling capacity, and nutrient encapsulation. Structural and chemical characterizations were performed using FTIR, SEM, TEM, and TGA. The hydrogel exhibited a high swelling ratio of up to 18,000%, effective water retention, and sustained urea release over 30 days. Plant growth experiments with Capsicum annuum sp. demonstrated improved shoot and root development compared to free urea and control treatments. The autoclaved hydrogel showed superior performance in both water retention and nutrient release, confirming its potential as an eco-friendly, efficient slow-release fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.

Graphical abstract