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<p>To monitor the health condition of rotating machinery, intelligent sensing devices embedded within rotating components are very essential. Intelligent sensing devices face long-term power supply challenges, which batteries struggle to resolve. This is expected to be solved by energy harvesting techniques, but it is a great challenge to realize the high-power output under weak excitation in low-frequency rotating environments. To improve the performance of the energy harvesting technique in low-frequency rotating environment, an L-shaped cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed. Permanent magnets rotating together with the beam are used to generate multistability for the cantilever. The potential barrier between multistability is weakened by centrifugal force and nonlinear magnetic force, which enables the L-shaped cantilever beam to vibrate substantially between multistability under weak excitation environment. The piezoelectric material pasted on the cantilever beam converts the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy. The potential energy and the restoring force of the system under multistability are analyzed. The effects of radial and tangential magnetic distances on the output performance of the multistability are investigated. Experimental results show that the proposed harvester is capable of effective energy harvesting in a low-frequency rotating environment of 0.5–3&#xa0;Hz, and the maximum peak-to-peak voltage output is 10.1&#xa0;V when the rotating frequency is 2.5&#xa0;Hz.</p>

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L-shaped cantilever beam-based piezoelectric energy harvester with multistability for low-frequency rotating environments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • Pan Zhang,
  • Wanrong Lin,
  • Zhengqiu Xie,
  • Huajun Cao,
  • Wenbin Huang

摘要

To monitor the health condition of rotating machinery, intelligent sensing devices embedded within rotating components are very essential. Intelligent sensing devices face long-term power supply challenges, which batteries struggle to resolve. This is expected to be solved by energy harvesting techniques, but it is a great challenge to realize the high-power output under weak excitation in low-frequency rotating environments. To improve the performance of the energy harvesting technique in low-frequency rotating environment, an L-shaped cantilever beam piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed. Permanent magnets rotating together with the beam are used to generate multistability for the cantilever. The potential barrier between multistability is weakened by centrifugal force and nonlinear magnetic force, which enables the L-shaped cantilever beam to vibrate substantially between multistability under weak excitation environment. The piezoelectric material pasted on the cantilever beam converts the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy. The potential energy and the restoring force of the system under multistability are analyzed. The effects of radial and tangential magnetic distances on the output performance of the multistability are investigated. Experimental results show that the proposed harvester is capable of effective energy harvesting in a low-frequency rotating environment of 0.5–3 Hz, and the maximum peak-to-peak voltage output is 10.1 V when the rotating frequency is 2.5 Hz.