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Abstract <p>In this study, silicon nanoparticles (n-Si) with active component content of 93.2% were successfully synthesized through vapor-phase magnesiothermic reduction using mesoporous SiO<sub>2</sub> precursors as templates. The as-prepared n-Si exhibited an average particle size of about 85&#xa0;nm and a specific surface area of 147 m<sup>2</sup>/g. The potential of prepared n-Si as fuel for metastable intermolecular composites was validated through thermal analysis and constant-volume combustion tests, by using KClO<sub>4</sub> as the oxidizer, although the reactivity was generally lower than that of n-Al/KClO<sub>4</sub> counterpart. Notably, n-Si/KClO<sub>4</sub> exhibits significantly reduced sensitivity to friction (30% versus 70%) and electrostatic discharge (24,750&#xa0;mJ versus 12&#xa0;mJ) compared to n-Al/KClO<sub>4</sub>. In summary, n-Si fuels prepared via the vapor-phase magnesiothermic reduction method exhibited high active component content, moderate reactivity, and extremely low electrostatic sensitivity, demonstrating application potentials in metastable intermolecular composites to substitute for n-Al where a balance between combustion characteristics and enhanced electrostatic safety is required.</p> Graphical Abstract

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Preparation of nano-silicon fuels with high active component content and low sensitivity via vapor-phase magnesiothermic reduction of mesoporous SiO2

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月27日

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  • Wenhao Wang,
  • Jiaming Liu,
  • Xiandie Zhang,
  • Xinwen Ma,
  • Qingqing Zeng,
  • Xiang Zhou

摘要

Abstract

In this study, silicon nanoparticles (n-Si) with active component content of 93.2% were successfully synthesized through vapor-phase magnesiothermic reduction using mesoporous SiO2 precursors as templates. The as-prepared n-Si exhibited an average particle size of about 85 nm and a specific surface area of 147 m2/g. The potential of prepared n-Si as fuel for metastable intermolecular composites was validated through thermal analysis and constant-volume combustion tests, by using KClO4 as the oxidizer, although the reactivity was generally lower than that of n-Al/KClO4 counterpart. Notably, n-Si/KClO4 exhibits significantly reduced sensitivity to friction (30% versus 70%) and electrostatic discharge (24,750 mJ versus 12 mJ) compared to n-Al/KClO4. In summary, n-Si fuels prepared via the vapor-phase magnesiothermic reduction method exhibited high active component content, moderate reactivity, and extremely low electrostatic sensitivity, demonstrating application potentials in metastable intermolecular composites to substitute for n-Al where a balance between combustion characteristics and enhanced electrostatic safety is required.

Graphical Abstract