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<p>Aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ARZIBs) are now an attractive alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their low costs, safety, and environmental friendliness. However, developing high-performance cathode materials remains a significant challenge that hinders their application. Among the best candidates, V-based materials, specifically layered vanadium oxides, can enhance electrochemical performance in ARZIBs. Layered vanadium oxides are susceptible to modulating their interlayer space by exfoliation or coupling with other compounds. In this work, a vanadium IV oxide with pre-intercalated N,N-dimethylformamide was modified by ultrasonic treatment incorporating (i) H<sub>2</sub>O molecules (VO<sub>x</sub>) and (ii) chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO@VO<sub>x</sub>). X-ray diffraction showed that the interlaminar distance of the materials increased from 10.71 to 11.38&#xa0;Å for both modifications. Additionally, the treatment altered the crystalline structure. However, electron paramagnetic resonance shows the permanence of the V<sup>4+</sup> oxidation state within the material. The electrochemical characterization in an ARZIB showed that both treatments improved its electrochemical performance. The exfoliation treatment increased the storage capacity from a value of 124.84–293.61&#xa0;mA⸱h⸱g<sup>−1</sup> at a current of 0.1 Ag<sup>−1</sup>. In comparison, the incorporation of rGO yielded a similar storage capacity value (286.38&#xa0;mA·h·g<sup>−1</sup>). However, exfoliated vanadium oxide modified with rGO provided a higher rate capability and energy efficiency (95%) for the device, which are suitable characteristics for energy storage applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Enhancing electrochemical zinc-ion storage by exfoliation and rGO coupling to dimethylformamide pre-intercalated vanadium (IV) oxides

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • E. Arturo Quintanilla-Serrano,
  • Próspero Acevedo-Peña,
  • J. A. I. Díaz-Góngora,
  • Raul Borja-Urby,
  • Edilso Reguera

摘要

Aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ARZIBs) are now an attractive alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their low costs, safety, and environmental friendliness. However, developing high-performance cathode materials remains a significant challenge that hinders their application. Among the best candidates, V-based materials, specifically layered vanadium oxides, can enhance electrochemical performance in ARZIBs. Layered vanadium oxides are susceptible to modulating their interlayer space by exfoliation or coupling with other compounds. In this work, a vanadium IV oxide with pre-intercalated N,N-dimethylformamide was modified by ultrasonic treatment incorporating (i) H2O molecules (VOx) and (ii) chemically reduced graphene oxide (rGO@VOx). X-ray diffraction showed that the interlaminar distance of the materials increased from 10.71 to 11.38 Å for both modifications. Additionally, the treatment altered the crystalline structure. However, electron paramagnetic resonance shows the permanence of the V4+ oxidation state within the material. The electrochemical characterization in an ARZIB showed that both treatments improved its electrochemical performance. The exfoliation treatment increased the storage capacity from a value of 124.84–293.61 mA⸱h⸱g−1 at a current of 0.1 Ag−1. In comparison, the incorporation of rGO yielded a similar storage capacity value (286.38 mA·h·g−1). However, exfoliated vanadium oxide modified with rGO provided a higher rate capability and energy efficiency (95%) for the device, which are suitable characteristics for energy storage applications.

Graphical Abstract