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<p>The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) transformation into beneficial fuels or chemicals by photoelectrocatalytic (PeC) reaction has been proved sustainable. As a standalone or component in composites, the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) catalysts were significantly utilized for PeC approaches. In this research work, as a first instance, a sustainable green approach of simple hydrothermal treatment at various temperatures, such as 90, 120, 150, and 180&#xa0;°C, was adopted to synthesize g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> (xgCN) catalysts to enrich their PeC CO<sub>2</sub> reduction into methanol activity. The simple hydrothermal treatment achieved increased stacking layer distance of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and fine-tuning of the band gap. The 120gCN catalyst (treated at 120&#xa0;°C) exhibited a superior current at − 1.0&#xa0;V of 3.62&#xa0;mA&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> and a 4.39&#xa0;µmol L<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;h<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;cm<sup>−2</sup> methanol generation in PeC CO<sub>2</sub> reduction reaction, which was around twofold superior compared to that of PgCN (untreated g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) catalyst. The excellent efficiency of the 120gCN catalyst was credited to its better production and lesser electron (e<sup>−</sup>)-hole (h<sup>+</sup>) pairs recombination rate.</p>

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Sustainable green approach of simple hydrothermal treatment of g-C3N4 to boost the CO2 conversion into methanol through photoelectrocatalysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Komatireddy DamodarReddy,
  • Prabhu Saravanan,
  • Pavan P. Gotipamul,
  • Cristian H. Campos,
  • Aravindhan Selvaraj,
  • Siva Chidambaram

摘要

The carbon dioxide (CO2) transformation into beneficial fuels or chemicals by photoelectrocatalytic (PeC) reaction has been proved sustainable. As a standalone or component in composites, the graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) catalysts were significantly utilized for PeC approaches. In this research work, as a first instance, a sustainable green approach of simple hydrothermal treatment at various temperatures, such as 90, 120, 150, and 180 °C, was adopted to synthesize g-C3N4 (xgCN) catalysts to enrich their PeC CO2 reduction into methanol activity. The simple hydrothermal treatment achieved increased stacking layer distance of g-C3N4 and fine-tuning of the band gap. The 120gCN catalyst (treated at 120 °C) exhibited a superior current at − 1.0 V of 3.62 mA cm−2 and a 4.39 µmol L−1 h−1 cm−2 methanol generation in PeC CO2 reduction reaction, which was around twofold superior compared to that of PgCN (untreated g-C3N4) catalyst. The excellent efficiency of the 120gCN catalyst was credited to its better production and lesser electron (e−)-hole (h+) pairs recombination rate.