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<p>This study investigates the defect evolution, structural relaxation, and crystallization behavior of Fe<sub>92</sub>Si<sub>6</sub>C<sub>2</sub> amorphous alloys subjected to controlled thermal annealing between 373 and 973&#xa0;K. A multi-technique approach—Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy—was employed to analyze the temperature-dependent transformations in free volume, vacancy clusters, and carbon bonding structure. DBS measurements revealed a systematic reduction in free-volume-type defects up to 573&#xa0;K, followed by nanocrystalline α-Fe(Si) nucleation at higher temperatures. PALS analysis showed a decrease in <i>τ</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>τ</i><sub>2</sub> lifetimes and a significant increase in I<sub>2</sub>, confirming the growth of vacancy clusters and defect migration toward grain boundaries during crystallization. XRD confirmed the transition from an amorphous halo to well-defined crystalline peaks, accompanied by a substantial reduction in microstrain from 604 × 10<sup>−4</sup> to 17 × 10<sup>−4</sup> with annealing. Raman spectroscopy indicated enhanced graphitization and the emergence of a D<sub>2</sub> band above 773&#xa0;K, evidencing structural reorganization of carbon. Overall, the findings provide a comprehensive understanding of defect dynamics and structural evolution in Fe<sub>92</sub>Si<sub>6</sub>C<sub>2</sub> amorphous alloys, highlighting the effectiveness of thermal treatment in improving their structural integrity and potential for advanced magnetic and technological applications.</p>

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Structural relaxation and defect dynamics in Fe92Si6C2 amorphous alloys under controlled annealing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • S. F. Samadov,
  • A. P. Abdullayev,
  • A. S. Abiyev,
  • V. I. Ahmadov,
  • A. A. Sidorin,
  • N. V. M. Trung,
  • N. M. Rafiyev,
  • T. N. Vershinina,
  • A. A. Isayeva,
  • O. S. Orlov

摘要

This study investigates the defect evolution, structural relaxation, and crystallization behavior of Fe92Si6C2 amorphous alloys subjected to controlled thermal annealing between 373 and 973 K. A multi-technique approach—Doppler broadening spectroscopy (DBS), positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy—was employed to analyze the temperature-dependent transformations in free volume, vacancy clusters, and carbon bonding structure. DBS measurements revealed a systematic reduction in free-volume-type defects up to 573 K, followed by nanocrystalline α-Fe(Si) nucleation at higher temperatures. PALS analysis showed a decrease in τ1 and τ2 lifetimes and a significant increase in I2, confirming the growth of vacancy clusters and defect migration toward grain boundaries during crystallization. XRD confirmed the transition from an amorphous halo to well-defined crystalline peaks, accompanied by a substantial reduction in microstrain from 604 × 10−4 to 17 × 10−4 with annealing. Raman spectroscopy indicated enhanced graphitization and the emergence of a D2 band above 773 K, evidencing structural reorganization of carbon. Overall, the findings provide a comprehensive understanding of defect dynamics and structural evolution in Fe92Si6C2 amorphous alloys, highlighting the effectiveness of thermal treatment in improving their structural integrity and potential for advanced magnetic and technological applications.