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<p>The removal efficiency of traditional adsorbents for dyes in tannery wastewater is unstable and their application is limited. Acid dyes are one of the main categories of residual dyes in tannery wastewater, so choosing acid dyes as target pollutants has strong representativeness and practical significance. In this work, we used gelatin (gel) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the molecular skeleton, and different mass fractions of Al<sup>3+</sup> were used as cross-linkers to enhance the internal crosslinking degree of the structure. The preparation method is obtained by a simple one pot method. Ultimately, the biomass-modified PVA/gel/Al<sup>3+</sup> aerogel (PGA) was produced through the freeze-drying method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were employed to analyze the structure of PGA and its morphology. Adsorption experiments were conducted to study the adsorption performance of the PGA toward acidic dyes by varying the dosage of crosslinking agent (Al<sup>3+</sup>), pH values, and dye concentrations. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm were researched. The experimental results indicated that the adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm. PGA undergoes multilayer adsorption of acidic dyes via physical interactions. The adsorption performance for acidic dyes was notably enhanced after the addition of Al<sup>3+</sup>. When the Al<sup>3+</sup> addition was 5% (PGA-5), the adsorption capacity reached 150.7&#xa0;mg/g. The pH value had a substantial impact on the adsorption effectiveness. With the increase in pH, the adsorption performance of PGA-5 improved. At a pH of 10, the dye adsorption efficiency was 93.26%. It can be concluded that the PGA can be regarded as an efficient, beneficial, and promising adsorbent for acidic dye wastewater. This study provides new insights into the development of adsorption materials for acidic dye wastewater.</p>

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Preparation of Al3+ crosslinked PVA/Gelatin composite aerogel and its adsorption properties for acid dyes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月1日

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  • Zecui Zhao,
  • Jie Liu,
  • Wenqi Zhou,
  • Siwen Wang,
  • Feifei Zhang,
  • Liyuan Liu,
  • Yulu Wang,
  • Jiazhen Sun

摘要

The removal efficiency of traditional adsorbents for dyes in tannery wastewater is unstable and their application is limited. Acid dyes are one of the main categories of residual dyes in tannery wastewater, so choosing acid dyes as target pollutants has strong representativeness and practical significance. In this work, we used gelatin (gel) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the molecular skeleton, and different mass fractions of Al3+ were used as cross-linkers to enhance the internal crosslinking degree of the structure. The preparation method is obtained by a simple one pot method. Ultimately, the biomass-modified PVA/gel/Al3+ aerogel (PGA) was produced through the freeze-drying method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) were employed to analyze the structure of PGA and its morphology. Adsorption experiments were conducted to study the adsorption performance of the PGA toward acidic dyes by varying the dosage of crosslinking agent (Al3+), pH values, and dye concentrations. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm were researched. The experimental results indicated that the adsorption process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm. PGA undergoes multilayer adsorption of acidic dyes via physical interactions. The adsorption performance for acidic dyes was notably enhanced after the addition of Al3+. When the Al3+ addition was 5% (PGA-5), the adsorption capacity reached 150.7 mg/g. The pH value had a substantial impact on the adsorption effectiveness. With the increase in pH, the adsorption performance of PGA-5 improved. At a pH of 10, the dye adsorption efficiency was 93.26%. It can be concluded that the PGA can be regarded as an efficient, beneficial, and promising adsorbent for acidic dye wastewater. This study provides new insights into the development of adsorption materials for acidic dye wastewater.