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<p>High-vanadium high-speed steel (HVHSS) is vital for shield machine tools due to its excellent wear resistance, toughness, and thermal stability. This review examines the composition, microstructure, manufacturing and performance of HVHSS. The addition of vanadium carbides enhances hardness, while Cr/Mo/W alloying and rare earth microalloying further improve toughness. Furthermore, the powder metallurgy techniques enable optimized carbide distribution and precise tool geometry control and the field performance evaluations demonstrate a 2–3 times improvement in service life compared to conventional WC–Co tools. However, key challenges remain, including high production costs and the need to balance hardness and toughness in components. Future research focuses on AI-driven design, hybrid composites, and in situ repair. This work bridges fundamental and applied research for advanced tunneling materials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Progress and challenges in high-vanadium high-speed steel for shield machine cutter tools

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月21日

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  • Dingchen Wang,
  • Xipeng Tao,
  • Xinguang Wang,
  • Rui Zhang,
  • Zijian Zhou,
  • Weihong Zhang,
  • Chunhua Zhang,
  • Xiaofeng Sun,
  • Yizhou Zhou,
  • Chuanyong Cui

摘要

High-vanadium high-speed steel (HVHSS) is vital for shield machine tools due to its excellent wear resistance, toughness, and thermal stability. This review examines the composition, microstructure, manufacturing and performance of HVHSS. The addition of vanadium carbides enhances hardness, while Cr/Mo/W alloying and rare earth microalloying further improve toughness. Furthermore, the powder metallurgy techniques enable optimized carbide distribution and precise tool geometry control and the field performance evaluations demonstrate a 2–3 times improvement in service life compared to conventional WC–Co tools. However, key challenges remain, including high production costs and the need to balance hardness and toughness in components. Future research focuses on AI-driven design, hybrid composites, and in situ repair. This work bridges fundamental and applied research for advanced tunneling materials.

Graphical abstract