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<p>This study presents a modular approach for the synthesis of multifunctional affinity sorbents, facilitating molecular separation via magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers. A magnetic propranolol-imprinted polymer (MIP) nanocomposite with superparamagnetic characteristics was synthesized through precipitation polymerization process coupled with coprecipitation methods. Initially, the propranolol-imprinted core–shell polymer was synthesized via a two-step precipitation polymerization. The obtained core–shell MIP particles (epo-MIP) were subsequently converted to MIPdiol through surface hydrolysis. Finally, the MIPdiol particles underwent an in situ coprecipitation process to incorporate Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles onto their shell surfaces, resulting in the formation of the magnetic nanocomposite (MIPmag). The synthesized magnetic nanocomposite was characterized using various analytical techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of surface functional groups, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed uniform morphology and well-defined internal structures. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) demonstrated the superparamagnetic behavior of MIPmag with a saturation magnetization (Ms) value of approximately 3.4&#xa0;A&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/kg, with no coercivity and remanence. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further assessed the thermal stability and decomposition profile of the nanocomposite. The binding capacity evaluation indicated that MIPmag exhibited a significantly higher binding capacity (<i>Q</i><sub>e</sub> = 21.07&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g<sup>−1)</sup> compared to the non-imprinted polymer NIPmag (<i>Q</i><sub>e</sub> = 5.96&#xa0;mg&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>), confirming the presence of specific recognition sites for propranolol within the imprinted structure. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 10&#xa0;min, indicating rapid and efficient binding of propranolol onto the magnetic MIP. These results demonstrated that magnetic sorbents with tailored molecular recognition sites hold great promise for the selective and efficient removal of propranolol from water systems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synthesis and characterization of molecularly imprinted magnetic nanocomposite for propranolol removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月21日

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  • Erum Ayub,
  • Lei Ye,
  • Solmaz Hajizadeh,
  • Tariq Mahmood Ansari,
  • Suryyia Manzoor,
  • Hina Sahar,
  • Qicheng Zhang,
  • Man Zhang

摘要

This study presents a modular approach for the synthesis of multifunctional affinity sorbents, facilitating molecular separation via magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers. A magnetic propranolol-imprinted polymer (MIP) nanocomposite with superparamagnetic characteristics was synthesized through precipitation polymerization process coupled with coprecipitation methods. Initially, the propranolol-imprinted core–shell polymer was synthesized via a two-step precipitation polymerization. The obtained core–shell MIP particles (epo-MIP) were subsequently converted to MIPdiol through surface hydrolysis. Finally, the MIPdiol particles underwent an in situ coprecipitation process to incorporate Fe3O4 nanoparticles onto their shell surfaces, resulting in the formation of the magnetic nanocomposite (MIPmag). The synthesized magnetic nanocomposite was characterized using various analytical techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of surface functional groups, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed uniform morphology and well-defined internal structures. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) demonstrated the superparamagnetic behavior of MIPmag with a saturation magnetization (Ms) value of approximately 3.4 A m2/kg, with no coercivity and remanence. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) further assessed the thermal stability and decomposition profile of the nanocomposite. The binding capacity evaluation indicated that MIPmag exhibited a significantly higher binding capacity (Qe = 21.07 mg g−1) compared to the non-imprinted polymer NIPmag (Qe = 5.96 mg g−1), confirming the presence of specific recognition sites for propranolol within the imprinted structure. Kinetic studies revealed that adsorption equilibrium was achieved within 10 min, indicating rapid and efficient binding of propranolol onto the magnetic MIP. These results demonstrated that magnetic sorbents with tailored molecular recognition sites hold great promise for the selective and efficient removal of propranolol from water systems.

Graphical abstract