Recent advances in MXene/graphene composite electrodes for supercapacitors
摘要
Developing new energy storage materials is crucial to address worldwide energy and environmental challenges. Supercapacitors, with their rapid charging, high power density, and excellent stability, are being contemplated as a promising solution. MXenes, in their metallic conductivity, hydrophilicity, and large surface area, can be mixed with graphene to prevent restacking, promote ion diffusion, and improve electrochemical performance. The emerging fabrication techniques, including hydrothermal techniques, laser-induced reduction, inkjet printing, and plasma-based exfoliation, have enabled the large-scale production of flexible, binder-free electrodes with enhanced performance. This review offers a comparative analysis of the performance enhancement of MXene/graphene-based supercapacitor electrodes. Results indicated that graphene, when combined with MXene, acts as a spacer that prevents this restacking. This increases the accessible surface area for ion adsorption and diffusion, resulting in higher capacitance. The mixture of MXene and graphene creates a synergistic effect that enhances the overall capacitance and reduces internal resistance, and faster electron transfer. The experiments confirmed that supercapacitors based on MXene and graphene possessed energy and power densities of less than 100 Wh kg−1 and 6 kW kg−1, respectively. A comparison of MXene and graphene-based supercapacitors demonstrated a range of specific capacitance up to 1800 F g−1. These advancements make MXene/graphene composites highly promising for next-generation supercapacitors.