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<p>This study investigates the microstructural and tribological response of Ti6Al4V alloy subjected to laser surface texturing (LST). The experiments employed a diode-pumped solid-state laser operating at 21.25 and 23.75&#xa0;W of laser power and marking speeds ranging from 50 to 150&#xa0;mm/s, corresponding to energy densities (<i>E</i><sub><i>t</i></sub>) of 0.142–0.475&#xa0;J/mm. The textured and untextured samples were characterized using SEM–EDS, XRD, nanoindentation, profilometry, and pin-on-disk tribological testing in artificial saliva. Results revealed that hardness decreased with increasing scanning speed due to reduced energy input per unit length, whereas higher <i>E</i><sub><i>t</i></sub> values partially recovered hardness through greater localized heating. XRD and EDS analyses confirmed a phase transformation from β-Ti to α-Ti, accompanied by the formation of an anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> oxide layer. Tribological testing demonstrated that LST significantly enhanced wear resistance, particularly at <i>E</i><sub><i>t</i></sub> = 0.425&#xa0;J/mm, where a finer and more uniform surface morphology minimized surface damage. These findings highlight the critical role of surface microstructure and oxide formation in controlling the hardness and tribological performance of laser-textured Ti6Al4V alloy.</p>

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Microstructural and tribological performance of Ti6Al4V alloy modified by laser surface texturing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月17日

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  • Bryan Ivan Quintanar-Abarca,
  • Dulce Viridiana Melo-Máximo,
  • Lizbeth Melo-Máximo,
  • Esmeralda Uribe-Lam,
  • Erika García-López

摘要

This study investigates the microstructural and tribological response of Ti6Al4V alloy subjected to laser surface texturing (LST). The experiments employed a diode-pumped solid-state laser operating at 21.25 and 23.75 W of laser power and marking speeds ranging from 50 to 150 mm/s, corresponding to energy densities (Et) of 0.142–0.475 J/mm. The textured and untextured samples were characterized using SEM–EDS, XRD, nanoindentation, profilometry, and pin-on-disk tribological testing in artificial saliva. Results revealed that hardness decreased with increasing scanning speed due to reduced energy input per unit length, whereas higher Et values partially recovered hardness through greater localized heating. XRD and EDS analyses confirmed a phase transformation from β-Ti to α-Ti, accompanied by the formation of an anatase TiO2 oxide layer. Tribological testing demonstrated that LST significantly enhanced wear resistance, particularly at Et = 0.425 J/mm, where a finer and more uniform surface morphology minimized surface damage. These findings highlight the critical role of surface microstructure and oxide formation in controlling the hardness and tribological performance of laser-textured Ti6Al4V alloy.