Efficient production of activated carbon from biomass waste for the removal of interferents in lanthanides-based luminescent sensors
摘要
Biomass-derived activated carbon (AC) offers a sustainable, cost-effective solution for upcycling agroindustry waste. This study explored producing AC from sugarcane bagasse to remove iron (Fe3+) and copper (Cu2+) ions from aqueous solutions (interferents of europium-based sensors [Eu(DPA)3] used for glyphosate detection). ACs were prepared using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and a microwave oven for activation, applying a 23 statistical design to optimize activating agent ratio, power, and time. The ACs exhibited high surface area (up to 1500 m2 g−1), with the optimal sample (SB1:1-1000-20) produced at 1000 W in 20 min. Spectroscopy analysis indicated graphite-like aromatic formation, enhancing the metal adsorption process through cation–π interactions. The optimal sample demonstrated adsorption capacities of 10 mg g−1 Fe3+ and 8 mg g−1 Cu2+. Photophysical studies confirmed no interference at Eu(DPA)3 intensity, enabling accurate glyphosate detection. These findings highlight the innovation of biomass-derived AC as a sustainable adsorbent that not only enhances water treatment but also improves the reliability of lanthanide luminescent sensors for pollutant detection.
Graphical abstract