This paper elucidates the regulatory mechanism of annealing temperature on crystallographic texture, microstructure, and formability of Sn-microalloyed ferritic stainless steel (FSS). Systematic characterization utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) reveals that the γ-fiber recrystallization texture gradually becomes dominant during annealing. As the annealing temperature increases, <111> //ND-oriented grains undergo rapid growth, significantly enhancing the γ-fiber texture intensity. At 940 °C, γ-fiber texture reaches its maximum strength due to the formation of uniformly distributed equiaxed grains with a strong <111> //ND orientation. The formability of the material exhibits a dual response to annealing temperature: the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\overline{r }$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover> <mi>r</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> value peaks at 940 °C (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\overline{r }$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover> <mi>r</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>=1.76), indicating superior deep drawability, while the surface roughness reaches a minimum at 900 °C (Ra = 0.89 μm), corresponding to optimal ridging resistance. However, excessively high annealing temperatures (e.g., 980 °C) induce abnormal grain growth, leading to microstructural inhomogeneity and a reduction in γ-fiber texture intensity, thereby degrading formability. The synergistic effect of Sn microalloying and optimized annealing significantly improves the formability of FSS, increasing the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\overline{r }$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mover> <mi>r</mi> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> value by 35.3% and reducing ridging height by 40.2%. This study demonstrates that precise control of annealing temperature effectively optimizes the recrystallization texture and microstructure, substantially enhancing the formability of Sn-microalloyed FSS while maintaining cost efficiency through reduced Ni/Cr content. These findings provide valuable insights for developing cost-effective, high-performance FSSs for industrial applications.

Optimizing γ-fiber recrystallization texture in Sn-microalloyed ferritic stainless steel through annealing temperature control for enhanced deep drawability

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2025年11月17日

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Yang Bai,
Yandong Liu,
Tong He

摘要

This paper elucidates the regulatory mechanism of annealing temperature on crystallographic texture, microstructure, and formability of Sn-microalloyed ferritic stainless steel (FSS). Systematic characterization utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) reveals that the γ-fiber recrystallization texture gradually becomes dominant during annealing. As the annealing temperature increases, <111> //ND-oriented grains undergo rapid growth, significantly enhancing the γ-fiber texture intensity. At 940 °C, γ-fiber texture reaches its maximum strength due to the formation of uniformly distributed equiaxed grains with a strong <111> //ND orientation. The formability of the material exhibits a dual response to annealing temperature: the $\overline{r }$ $\bar{r}$ value peaks at 940 °C ( $\overline{r }$ $\bar{r}$ =1.76), indicating superior deep drawability, while the surface roughness reaches a minimum at 900 °C (Ra = 0.89 μm), corresponding to optimal ridging resistance. However, excessively high annealing temperatures (e.g., 980 °C) induce abnormal grain growth, leading to microstructural inhomogeneity and a reduction in γ-fiber texture intensity, thereby degrading formability. The synergistic effect of Sn microalloying and optimized annealing significantly improves the formability of FSS, increasing the $\overline{r }$ $\bar{r}$ value by 35.3% and reducing ridging height by 40.2%. This study demonstrates that precise control of annealing temperature effectively optimizes the recrystallization texture and microstructure, substantially enhancing the formability of Sn-microalloyed FSS while maintaining cost efficiency through reduced Ni/Cr content. These findings provide valuable insights for developing cost-effective, high-performance FSSs for industrial applications.