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<p>Currently, conventional methods for preparing silane-functionalized particles are inefficient, limiting their application in coatings. In this study, superhydrophobic ZnO particles were rapidly synthesized from commercially available ZnO (n-ZnO and μ-ZnO) using microwave-assisted ball milling. ZnO was modified with <i>N</i>-octyltriethoxysilane, and epoxy resin was used as a binder to prepare superhydrophobic paints with a pollution-free and sustainable process. These coatings can be easily applied to various substrates by spraying. Morphological analysis showed micro/nanoscale roughness, ensuring excellent hydrophobicity, mechanical durability, and chemical stability. The coatings delayed icing at − 20&#xa0;°C for 1263&#xa0;s, and after 14&#xa0;days of immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the |<i>Z</i>|<sub>0.01&#xa0;Hz</sub> value remained at 5.316 × 10<sup>6</sup> Ω cm<sup>2</sup>, showing only a two-order magnitude decrease. This study offers an eco-friendly, rapid, and scalable method for producing superhydrophobic particles. The dual-sized particle structure provides high-performance coatings, which may have practical applications in marine cryogenic environments.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Tailoring dual-scale roughness with silane-functionalized ZnO for high-performance superhydrophobic coatings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Chengjie Xin,
  • Peng Wan,
  • Bin Wang,
  • Liya Liu,
  • Yongxing Li,
  • Siyuan Wang,
  • Ding Chen

摘要

Currently, conventional methods for preparing silane-functionalized particles are inefficient, limiting their application in coatings. In this study, superhydrophobic ZnO particles were rapidly synthesized from commercially available ZnO (n-ZnO and μ-ZnO) using microwave-assisted ball milling. ZnO was modified with N-octyltriethoxysilane, and epoxy resin was used as a binder to prepare superhydrophobic paints with a pollution-free and sustainable process. These coatings can be easily applied to various substrates by spraying. Morphological analysis showed micro/nanoscale roughness, ensuring excellent hydrophobicity, mechanical durability, and chemical stability. The coatings delayed icing at − 20 °C for 1263 s, and after 14 days of immersion in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the |Z|0.01 Hz value remained at 5.316 × 106 Ω cm2, showing only a two-order magnitude decrease. This study offers an eco-friendly, rapid, and scalable method for producing superhydrophobic particles. The dual-sized particle structure provides high-performance coatings, which may have practical applications in marine cryogenic environments.

Graphical abstract