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<p>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> has immense potential as an efficient electrode material for pseudo-capacitors due to availability of multiple oxidation states, layered structure, and natural abundance. However, bulk V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> suffers from sluggish kinetics and poor electronic conductivity, which restricts its electrochemical performance. In this work, we have tailored V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> nanoparticles (NVO) from commercial V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> via a controlled chemical reduction strategy using oxalic acid. By systematically varying the oxalic acid concentration, we identified that 1:2 molar ratio of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> and oxalic acid as optimal, which produced uniform nanostructures with abundant surface oxygen defects. The synthesized NVO exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance of 432&#xa0;F/g at 5&#xa0;mv/s and excellent cycling stability, retaining 86.7% of its capacitance with superior cyclability. The presence of oxygen vacancies, particularly near bridging oxygen sites, promotes facile Li⁺ transport into the interior structure, thereby enhancing rate capability and conductivity. A two-electrode device assembled with the optimized NVO delivered energy density of 15&#xa0;Wh/kg and power density of 2397.6&#xa0;W/kg. These results highlight that oxalic acid-engineered V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> nanoparticles are a promising contender for next-generation energy storage solutions such as Li-ion supercapacitors.</p>

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Designing of surface-tailored vanadium oxide nanoparticles for high-performance Li-ion supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月7日

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  • Arun Kumar Singh,
  • Shobha Shukla,
  • Sumit Saxena

摘要

V2O5 has immense potential as an efficient electrode material for pseudo-capacitors due to availability of multiple oxidation states, layered structure, and natural abundance. However, bulk V2O5 suffers from sluggish kinetics and poor electronic conductivity, which restricts its electrochemical performance. In this work, we have tailored V2O5 nanoparticles (NVO) from commercial V2O5 via a controlled chemical reduction strategy using oxalic acid. By systematically varying the oxalic acid concentration, we identified that 1:2 molar ratio of V2O5 and oxalic acid as optimal, which produced uniform nanostructures with abundant surface oxygen defects. The synthesized NVO exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance of 432 F/g at 5 mv/s and excellent cycling stability, retaining 86.7% of its capacitance with superior cyclability. The presence of oxygen vacancies, particularly near bridging oxygen sites, promotes facile Li⁺ transport into the interior structure, thereby enhancing rate capability and conductivity. A two-electrode device assembled with the optimized NVO delivered energy density of 15 Wh/kg and power density of 2397.6 W/kg. These results highlight that oxalic acid-engineered V2O5 nanoparticles are a promising contender for next-generation energy storage solutions such as Li-ion supercapacitors.